毕业设计：自行车车速报警系统的设计.docx

自行车车速报警系统 摘要 随着居民生活水平的不断提高，自行车不再仅仅是普通的运输、代步的工具，而是成为人们娱乐、休闲、锻炼的首选。自行车的速度里程表能够满足人们最基本的需求，让人们能清楚地知道当前的速度、里程等物理量。本文介绍了一种基于单片机控制的简易自动自行车速度以及里程计算系统，包括自行车里程表的硬件构成，软件逻辑以及程序代码。该里程测速系统以AT89C51作为系统控制核心，采用光电传感器来检测信号，通过一定时间间隔内对信号的采集，结合自行车本身车轮参数，经过单片机对采集信号进行分析计算，最终在LCD以及LED上显示车辆行驶里程、平均速度和瞬时速度，并且具有超速报警功能。文章详细介绍了自行车的速度里程表的硬件电路和软件设计。硬件部分利用霍尔元件将自行车每转一圈的脉冲数传入单片机系统，然后单片机系统将信号经过处理送显示。软件部分用汇编语言进行编程，采用模块化设计思想。该系统硬件电路简单，子程序具有通用性，完全符合设计要求。 【关键字】自行车测速；单片机；霍尔传感器，LCD/LED显示?AbstractWith?the?continuous?improvement?of?peoples?living?standard,?the?bicycle?is?not?only?the?common?transport?tools,?but?as?people?entertainment,?leisure,?exercise?of?choice.?The?speed?of?the?bicycle?speedometer?can?satisfy?the?basic?need?of?peoples?life,?so?that?people?can?clearly?know?the?speed?and?the?mileage?of?the?physical?quantities.?A?computing?system?based?on?single-chip?microcomputer?to?control?the?simple?automatic?bicycle?speed?and?mileage,?including?bicycle?odometer?hardware?composition,?software?logic?and?program?code?are?introduced?in?this?paper.?The?mileage?speed?measurement?system?based?on?AT89C51?as?the?system?control?core,?photoelectric?sensor?is?used?to?detect?the?signal,?by?a?certain?time?interval?of?signal?acquisition,?with?a?bicycle?wheel?parameters,?through?the?microcontroller?to?analyze?and?compute?the?signal?acquisition,?eventually?in?the?LCD?and?LED?display?vehicle?mileage,?average?velocity?and?instantaneous?velocity,?and?is?speeding?alarm?function.?This?paper?introduces?the?hardware?circuit?and?software?design?of?the?bicycle?speed?odometer.?In?the?hardware?part,?the?pulse?number?of?the?bicycle?is?transmitted?to?the?single?chip?microcomputer?system?by?Holzer?element,?and?then?the?signal?is?processed?and?sent?to?the?display?device.?The?software?part?is?programmed?by?assembly?language,?and?the?idea?of?modular?design?is?adopted.?The?system?hardware?circuit?is?simple,?the?subroutine?is?universal,?fully?meet?the?design?requirements. 【Key?words】 bicycle?speed?measurement;?MCU;?Holzer?sensor,?LCD/LED?dis