新编简明英语语言学教程习题.doc

Exercises for Chapter 1 Introduction I. blank filling Fill in each of the blanks by completing the word with an initial letter given, e.g. Linguistics is generally defined as the s study of language. Linguistics is generally defined as the scientific study of language. By ‘scientific’ is meant linguistics is based on the s investigation of linguistic data, conducted with reference to some general t of language structure. In his study of a language a linguist usually tries to c and observe language facts, make g , formulate h , and fully prove the v of these hypotheses. General linguistics deals with the study of language as a w . General linguistics studies the basic concepts, theories, descriptions, models and methods applicable in any linguistic study, in contrast to those branches of study which relate l to the r of other areas. The difference between general linguistics and a linguistic branch such as semantics lies in the fact that general linguistics studies language as a whole, whereas a linguistic branch such as semantics deals with the p area. For instance, semantics studies the particular aspect of language, or m . Linguistics includes p , p , m , s , s , p , s , p , and applied linguistics and so on. There are different independent branches of linguistics because language is a complicated entity with multiple l and f , so it is hardly possible for the linguists to deal with it all at once. They have to c on one aspect of it at a time. P is the study of sounds used in linguistic communication. P deals with how sounds are put together and used to convey meaning in communication. M is the study of the way in which linguistic symbols are arranged and combined to form words. S is the study of the rules of the combination of words to form grammatically permissible sentences in languag