汉英翻译基础教程.ppt

汉英翻译基础教程（一）主编 冯庆华;词法翻译的一般技巧;第一节 对等译法;1、生搬硬套;2、字面对应; 3、指称意义对应但忽略语言差异;4、 忽视具体搭配;;;;练习;第二节 增词译法;例1. 他在那个大学里任英语教师。;注意：seize/catch sb. by the …或 hit sb. in the face/on the head是英语中的习惯用法，因此collar前的the一般不能改成his。注意英语中类似的表达。;增补介词;增补代词;语义和修辞需要的增词;课堂练习;参考答案;第三节 减词译法;减词译法也是很常用的翻译方法。省略可以使译文用词不显得累赘、臃肿。如果汉译英时一字不漏地照译文直译，往往会使译文显得生硬累赘，而减词译法可使译文显得简洁、流畅。省略的目的正是为了使译文更加符合英语的表的习惯和修辞特点。 ;注意： 省略词语见不意味着可以随意删减原文的词句，而是必须在遵循“信”的原则下，即忠实于原文的前提下，去掉一些冗余的词语，使得译文更加“达”，更加“雅”，做到“减词不可损意”。;一、省略表示范畴的词语;例1. 他是在我不知道的情况下拿走它的。;二、省略重复的词语;例1. 我们从事了10多年的英语教学，教学质量高，教学经验丰富。;三、省略华而不实的修饰语;例1. 中国政府郑重声明……;例3. 人群渐渐地安静了下来。;四、调整句法结构，省译某些词语 汉译英时，有时按原文的句子结构直译也能得到勉强过关的译文；但是如果调整句法结构，会得到地道简洁的译文。;例1. 有个年轻人名叫比尔.盖茨，家里很穷，缺吃少穿，住的房子又小。 ; 译文2. There was a young man named Bill. Gates, whose family was poor. They lived in a small dilapidated house, and never had enough to eat or wear. ;例2. 推动农产品生产、加工和销售的有机结合。;练习翻译句子;省略原文中多余或空洞的词语： 6. 我们需要从其他国家进口先进的工艺设备。 7. 我们强烈要求美国政府就这次事件向中国郑重道歉。 8. 鼓励国内外投资者到中西部投资。 ;Reform and opening-up reversed the stagnation of national economy. He has undertaken the translation of Lu Xun’s works. During the meeting , their discussion centered around the protection of intellectual properties rights. Productive forces are the most dynamic and the most revolutionary factors as well as the ultimate decisive force of social development. When problems emerge, they can be easily put right. ;The policy of reform and open changed the economy situation. Open and reform can twiest economic stagnation. He engaged in the translation of Nuxun’s. He work as Luxun’s translator. We are focus on the issue about protectting knowledge copyright in the conference. In the meeting both side have discussed how to protect the right of knowledgement. The two sides discussed about protecting intellectual property at meeting. ;He work for Luxu to translate his masterpieces. The presenting problem can be revise easily. The both side discussed the protection of intellectual property. He undertook the task of translate Luxun’s m