2021高考英语阅读理解题技巧课件.ppt

4.选项中有绝对语气词的一般不是答案。如：must, never, the most, all, merely, only, have to, any, no, completely, none,等。但不是绝对，也有例外。 5.注意选项中的副词，形容词和介词短语等与原文是否一致。如： must, may, often, should, usually, might, most, more or less, likely, all, never，few 等存在程度不同，经常被偷换，往往被忽视。 6.细节题干扰项特点：与原文内容相反；与原文内容一半相符，一半不同；叙述过于绝对化；原文没有提及.　 The underlined word “ … ” refers to (means / stands for) . Which of the following words can take the place of / be replaced by the word “ … ”? What is the meaning of “ … ” as the words are used in the text? Which of the following has the closest meaning to the word “ … ”? 常见词义猜测题型 考查方向： 　１、熟词新意，即熟悉词汇的陌生含义； 　２、复合词的含义理解，对于衍生词汇的理解能力； 　３、根据上下文对代词的指代含义的理解能力； 　４、根据上下文对不认识单词的词义判断能力； 　５、对谚语、俗语、俚语含义的理解能力； 　６、通过近义词、反义词和常识理解词汇的能力。 1. Definition 定义法： 一般通过定义、定语（从句）或同位语（从句）来确定词义。 It will be very hard but very brittle — that is , it will break easily. (adj. 易碎的, 脆的) 定义常见词汇及短语：be called, be known, be defined as, constitute, refer to 等词汇或冒号，括号，破折号等。 解释常见词汇及短语：or, that is to say, in other words, to put it another way等引出一些解释性的短语或句子。 2. Contrast 对比法： 利用文中的反义词以及表对比关系的词（组）猜测词义。 表示对比的词有but, yet, while、however, otherwise on the other hand, on the contrary, in contrast, in spite of , instead等。 She is usually prompt for all her classes, but today she arrived in the middle of her first class. A. on time B. late C. slowly D. quickly 3. Similarity 相似法：利用同义词、近义词或词组猜测词义。 Cleaning up waterways is an gigantic task .The job is so large, in fact, that the government may not be able to save some of the rivers and lakes which have been polluted. (adj. 巨大的;极大的) 4. Cause and Effect 因果法：从原因推测结果，从结果推测原因。 One who is destitute has a great need for food and clothing. She did not hear what you said because she was completely engrossed in her reading. (adj. 贫穷的,穷困的) (concentrate/focus her attention on) 因果关系常见词汇及短语：since, as, because, for, due to, owing to, for the reason that, result from, so,therefore, thus, consequently, result in等。 5. Example 例举法：利用文中的举例猜测词义。常见的举例的提示词有for