2023年高考英语模拟试卷 新高考地区(含答案) .pdfVIP

2023 年高考英语模拟试卷 新高考地区 第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50 分） 第一节 （共15 小题；每小题2.5 分，满分37.5 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A 、B、C 和D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Sleep is a necessity for all animals, and humans spend around one third of their lives sleeping. Despite this, the purposes of sleep remain fairly elusive to scientists. While we know that sleep is important for physical and mental restoration, whether or not there are additional functions still remains unknown. One of the most widely accepted theories is that sleep is essential for memory consolidation, with a large body of research supporting this claim. In order for memories to be retained, they must first be transferred from short-term storage to long-term memory. This transfer process is known as memory consolidation. A number of studies have found that sleep plays a critical role in this process, with sleep deprived individuals often struggling to remember information they have newly acquired. Moreover, research has shown that memories are actively processed and reinforced during sleep, providing greater resilience against forgetting. In addition, studies have found that specific stages of sleep relate to particular memory processes, with Sleep spindles (brief oscillations of brain activity) associated with the assimilation (吸收) of new information and slow wave sleep associated with the consolidation of that information. While the case for sleep and memory consolidation is strong, scientists say that it is not the entire story. For example, studies have also found that sleep improves cognitive (认知) flexibility, creativity and problem-solving. Moreover, it has been suggested that sleep may also play important roles in regulating metabolism, immune function and emotional stability. Despite our limited understanding of why we sleep, one thing is clear: a good night ’s sleep is important for both our physical and