基于语料库的对外汉语教学汉字偏误研究.doc

大连理工大学毕业论文（设计）格式规范 基于语料库的对外汉语教学汉字偏误研究 - PAGE II - - PAGE I - 基于语料库的对外汉语教学汉字偏误研究 Research on Chinese character errors in teaching Chinese as a foreign language based on corpus 摘 要 现如今的对外汉语教学在偏误分析方面有了很大的进步，但是由于课程安排的问题，汉字偏误分析被忽视，这对于留学生的汉字学习非常不利。根据中山大学留学生汉字偏误语料库的资料显示，留学生常犯的汉字偏误主要有两种类型：第一，不影响字形字义的偏误，也就是笔顺和笔画的偏误；第二，影响字形字义的偏误，主要是形近字的书写偏误，笔画结构、偏旁部首的书写偏误，笔画增减的书写偏误，同音异形字的书写偏误。这些偏误的出现都受到了多重因素的影响，主要有学生自身母语、学习动机、学习方法、汉字书写习惯的影响，汉字自身特殊结构、造字法用字法、同音同义异形字的影响，教师教学过程的失误造成的影响以及生活中错误汉字用例的影响。明确原因之后，对外汉语教学界也采取了很多的解决策略，根据原因入手，让学生加倍努力，针对性纠正偏误，提高对于汉字的学习兴趣，注重汉字书写习惯，同时教师的教学也要做到针对性、规范性和精细化，最后相关部门也要积极配合，规范现代汉语的使用和汉字的书写，为留学生的学习营造良好的社会文化氛围。对于汉字偏误的纠正将会使得留学生的汉字学习更为规范，同时也可以更好地传播中国文化知识，希望能给汉字偏误分析工作带来一点帮助。 关键词：语料库；汉字；偏误 基于语料库的对外汉语教学汉字偏误研究 - PAGE IV - Research on Chinese character errors in teaching Chinese as a foreign language based on corpus Abstract At present, the teaching of Chinese as a foreign language has made great progress in error analysis. However, due to the problems of curriculum arrangement, the error analysis of Chinese characters has been neglected, which is very unfavorable to the learning of Chinese characters for international students. According to the Chinese character errors corpus of sun yat-sen university, there are two types of Chinese character errors frequently made by overseas students. Second, the errors affecting the meaning of Chinese characters are mainly the errors in the writing of characters with similar shapes, the errors in the writing of stroke structures and radicals, the errors in the writing of the increase and decrease of strokes, and the errors in the writing of homophones. The emergence of these errors are influenced by multiple factors, mainly have their own native language, learning motivation, learning method, the influence of the Chinese character writing habit, its special structure of Chinese characters, the word synonymous words and homophones YiXingZi, the influence of teachers teaching process errors caused by the impact and the influence of w