(四)英语复合句.pptVIP

ThediscoverythateveryheavenlybodyhasgravitywasmadebyNewton.同位语从句通常由that引出，但随着与其同位的名词不同也可由whether,when,where,how,what,why引出。Theyarefacedwiththeproblemwhethertheyshouldcontinuethework.Ihavenoideawhenhewillreturn.有时同位语从句不是紧跟名词后，而是被其它词隔开。Theyheardthenewsontheradioyesterdaythatatyphoonwascoming.定语从句和同位语从句的区别从结构上看：同位语由连接词引导。在从句中不担任何成分，定语从句的关系词在从中担任某个成分。Theideathatonecandotheworkwithoutthinkingiswrong.Theideathatyouputforwardatthemeetingiswrong.(同位语从句,that在从句中不担当任何成分)(定语从句that在从句中担任宾语)名词性的从句可作句子主语，这种从句称为主语从句。主语从句的引导词通常有whowhomwhenwherewhywhathowwhichwhosewhether等，主语从句的引导词不能省略，由从句做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。WhatIsaidisimportanttoyou.Howtogetthereisstillnotdecided.Whethertodoitornotiswhatwewilldiscusstomorrow.主语从句说明：主语从句可以直接放在主语位置，也可用it作做形式主语。1.Thatlighttravelsinstraightlinesisknowntoall.→Itisknowntoallthatlighttravelsinstraightlines.众所周知，光是以直线运行。2.Whentheplaneistotakeoffhasnotbeenannounced.→Ithasnotbeenannouncedwhentheplaneistotakeoff.飞机什么时候起飞还没有公布。it作形式主语的主语从句结构已形成固定用法和译法，通常有4种情况：1.Itis+名词+从句Itisafactthat…..Itisagoodnewsthat…..,Itisaquestionthat….Itiscommonknowledgethat…事实是…..……是个好消息……是个问题…..是个常识2.Itis+形容词+从句Itisnecessarythat…Itisclearthat...Itis(un)likelythat…Itisimportantthat…有必要…很清楚…很可能…主要的是….3.Itis+过去分词+从句Itissaidthat…Itisreportedthat…Ithasbeenprovedthat…Itmustbepointedoutthat…据说….据报道….已证明…必须指出…4.It+不及物动词+从句Itseemsthat….Ithappenedthat….Itfollowsthat…好像是….碰巧…结果是….强调谓语动词时,可在谓语动词前加do,does,did.Idobelievethathewillattendthemeeting.Hedidworkhardyesterday.强调句强调句中强调谓语以外的是成分时,采用强调句型：Itis(was)+强调部分+that/who/whom说明：无论强调什么部分,都要求用连接词that被强调部分是人,也可用who当被强调部分是状语,只能用that,不用when,w