英语近义词辨析大全.doc

So与such之分别So「如此……」、「这么……」，用来表达程度的程度副词，幷用以修饰名词前面的形容词。如：We did not except him to stay so long.( 我们没想到他会停留这么久)He is not so clever a boy as his younger brother.(他不像他弟弟那般聪明)Such与so同义，亦用来表示程度，但其为形容词，用来修饰名词。如：All such possibilities must be considered.(所有这样的可能性都必须加以考虑)I’ve never heard of such a thing!(我从未听说过这样的事)So之后如接名词只能接单数可数名词，句型为so+形容词+a/an+名 词；如接复数名词或不可数名词则用such，句型为such+形容词+名词。例如：John and Willy are such naught boys that they are not allowed to go to the movie.The food was so bad that nobody could eat it.It was such an important event.The weather was so beautiful that we decided to go to th e beach. Someone与somebody这两个字都是「有人」、「某人」的意思，一般可以通用，例如：Someone/Somebody must have told him(一定有人告诉了他)。Somebody比someone较常用于口语。此外，somebody还可以指「有头有脸的人物」，和nobody(无名小卒)相对，例如：He thinks himself somebody(他以名人自居)。Someone或no one却没有这个somebody、nobody的意思。Inquiry和 Enquiry的分别一般而言，用inquiry来说「调查」，enquiry说「询问」。例如军事调查法庭，英文是court of inquiry，不宜称为court of enquiry，「协助警方调查」，英文是to help the police with their inquiries，这个inquiries也不宜改作enquiries。而一般机构的询问处，英文是enquiry office或enquiry counter，不宜称为inquiry office或inquiry counter。说要问 问汇率高低，英文是I will make enquiries about the exchange rates，这个enquiries也不宜改作inquiries。Enquiry、inquiry这两个字的动词enquire、inquire，用法上也是有同样分别的。Bureau, department and office意为“局”时区别简议Bureau可数名词，其复数形式bureaus (英), bureaux (美)，作“（政府部门的）司、局、处”等解时，多用于美国英语，且常与介词of和for搭 配使用。如：the Industry and Commerce Bureauthe Bureau of the Censusthe Bureau of Public Worksthe Federal Bureau of Investigation, etc而英国政府的行政部门“局”通常用department.如：the Statistic DepartmentThe Police Department is part of the city government. 在美国政府的行政部门dep artment通常多作“部”解，相当于英国的ministry 或office，并和介词of搭配。如：the Education Department (the Department of Education)the Treasury Department (the Department of Treasury)He ‘s a senior executive at the State Department. etcOffice 英国英语通常作“（政府的）部”解，一般应大写，相当于美国英语depart ment.（在美国英语中，office通常作“司、局、处”解，如：Office of Science and Technology, Land Office,etc.但不绝对。）office在英国英语中有时