刀具库总装与控制系统设计.doc

刀具库总装与控制系统设计 DESIGN OF THE TOOL’S ASSEMBLY AND CONTROL SYSTEM 摘要 随着科学技术的发展，世界先进制造技术的兴起和不断成熟，而对作为现代制造业非常重要的加工中心提出了更高的要求，超高速切削、超精密加工等技术的应用，对加工中心的各种组成部分提出了更高的性能指标。由于加工中心备有刀具库，大大增加了刀具的储存容量。有利于提高主轴的刚度，独立的刀库，大大增加了刀具的储存数量，有利于扩大机床的功能，并能较好的隔离各种影响加工精度的干扰因素。 自动换刀装置应当具备换刀时间短、刀具重复定位精度高、足够的刀具储备量、占地面积小、安全可靠等特性。刀库的作用是储备一定数量的刀具，刀具库中的刀具主要用于对工件的切、钻、铣、镗等的加工。加工中心的刀具库主要由电动机、制动器、减速器、槽轮机构、链轮链条组成。减速器是三级圆柱齿轮减速器，其结构紧凑、传动比大，均载效果好。做为动力源的电动机，要选择经济实惠的电动机；减速器中的轴与齿轮均要进行强度校核，轴按照计算弯曲应力来校核其强度；槽轮机构要选择适当的槽数与拨销数；链条链轮同样要选择好链轮的齿数；控制部分主要研究PLC在选刀方面的作用。 关键词 加工中心；刀具库；数控系统；总装与控制 Abstract With the development of science and technology, the rise of advanced manufacturing technology and continues to mature, while very important in modern manufacturing processing center a higher demand high-speed cutting， ultra-precision processing technology, the processing center The elements of a higher performance index. As the machining center with tool libraries, greatly increasing the storage capacity of the tool. Help to improve spindle rigidity, independent tool storage, tool storage significantly increased the number of help expand the functions of machine tools, and can better isolate the various factors that affect the machining accuracy of the interference. Automatic tool changer with tool change time should be short, high repeat positioning accuracy tool, adequate reserves tools, small size, security and reliability features. Knife is the role of the Treasury reserves a certain number of tool, cutting tool in the tool used for the main part of the cutting, drilling, milling, processing, and so boring. Processing center of the main tool by the motor, brakes, reducer, geneva, sprocket chain formed. Reducer are three cylindrical gear reducer, the compact structure, transmission ratio, are contained good effect. As a power source for the motor, it is necessary to choose the economic benefits of the motor; reducer in the shaft and gear are required to check for strength, calculated in accordance