大学英语四级考试短文写作辅导.ppt

大学英语四级考试短文写作辅导 段落写作 一、段落结构 主题句 (topic sentence) 发展句 (developing sentence) 结论句 ( concluding sentence) 1、段落的总体结构： 2、Model Diligence is the key factor of success. Diligence gives every person proper work to do. Many men have become great because of their hardship. Diligence can make a foolish person wise and a poor man rich. Thus, we know that diligence is important to our work and life. 3、段落的结构特点 一个段落只有一个主题。 主题句一般应放在句首。 所有的发展句必须服务于段落主题句。 如有必要，以结论句重述段落的主题，但在用词上，结论句不宜与主题句重复。 二、段落的写作模式 1 、扩张 2、收拢 3、先扩张后收拢 1、扩张 扩张就是演绎（deduction). 其写作模式为： （过渡词）发展句1 主题句 （过渡词）发展句2 （过渡词）发展句3 Model 1 In fact, fresh water on the globe is quite limited. On the one hand, the growing population and rapid development of industrialization demand more consumption of fresh water. On the other hand, sources of fresh water are reportedly polluted due to inefficient control of industrial and life waste. ( 1996 06 CET-4) Model 2 There are two kinds of friends whom we usually come across. One is good, and the other is bad. Good friends will render us assistance in all aspects. They will help us to do good while bad friends will tempt us to do the opposite. ( 2001 01 CET-4) 2、收拢 收拢又叫归纳（induction), 其写作模式为： （过渡词）发展句 1 （过渡词）发展句 2 （过渡词）结论句 （过渡词）发展句 3 Model The sun was slowly rising in the east and the air was fresh. As the thin cloud spread apart, the sun shone brighter and brighter. Everyone in the park was enjoyable. Taking an early morning walk makes a man healthy. ( 1988 06 CET-4) 3、先扩张后收拢 其段落的写作模式为： （过渡词）发展句 主题句 （过渡词）发展句 结论句 （过渡词）发展句 Model 1 Books are of various kinds and different contents. We have history books recording past events, geography books dealing with the earth, mathematics boo