职场健康心理学.ppt

職場健康心理學Occupational health psychology (OHP) 陸洛 中央大學人力資源管理研究所 Cost of job stress △Stress-related organizational costs: 50% of absenteeism 40% of turnover 5% of reduced productivity ($300 billion in US) (Matteson Ivancevich, 1987) △Stress-related national costs: 12% of GNP (US), 10% of GNP (UK) (Quick et al.,1990;Cartwright Cooper,1996) △Stress-related life costs: 137 individuals die of work-related disease every day. 16 die of injuries sustained at work ever day A worker becomes injured every 5 seconds A worker becomes temporarily or permanently disabled every 10 seconds 誰是受害者？ Working population 60%-70% of adult male population 30-60% of adult female population 23% of the population of children and adolescents who are 5 to 17 years old Nonworking population 工作成了風險 Not able to exercise regularly (72.2%) Put on weight (69.2%) Become ill (58.7%) Harm marriage/love relation (48.8%) Long-term health condition (36.6%) Smoke or drink (32.9%) Not finding love (18.4%) (Cummings, 2001) 職場健康的醫學模式 職業傷害＝任何因工作而產生的傷害 職業疾病＝any abnormal condition or disorder, caused by exposure to factors associated with employment (DOL, 2001) Medical model: 沒有職業傷害和疾病就是健康 職場健康的再定義 WHO model: A state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. OHP＝the application of psychology to protect and promote the safety, health, and well being of workers and to improve the quality of work life (American Psychological Association, 1998). OHP的終極目標 健康的職場 (Healthy workplace) 發揮潛能 (use talents) 卓越績效 (high performance) 工作滿足 (high satisfaction) 幸福人生 (well-being) OHP 與其他心理學領域 OHP 與其他專業 OHP 與工商心理學 OHP 與諮商/臨床心理學 職場健康的相關因子 組織層面 組織氣氛 (Climate) 組織支持 (Support) 領導統御