论英语外来词.doc

【标题】论英语外来词 【作者】朱丽娟 【关键词】英语；借词；原因；影响 【指导老师】李天梅 【专业】英语 【正文】Ⅰ. IntroductionLanguage is not only the most significant tool for human communication, but also the carrier of human civilization and reflection of social reality. Therefore, with the development of human society and the expansion of political, economic and cultural exchanges among different nations, language borrowing has become a very common phenomenon in language development. Languages, like cultures, are rarely sufficient unto themselves. The necessities of intercourse bring the speakers of one language into direct or indirect contact with those of neighboring or culturally dominant languages. At present there are about 6000 different languages on our planet, and every one of them has a vocabulary containing many thousands of words. Whenever and wherever there are contacts of any sort between the speakers of different languages, speakers will make use of words from other languages to refer to things, processes, and the ways of behavior, organization, or thinking for which words or phrases were not available or convenient in their own language hitherto. Everybody is in a position to learn some of the words used by their neighbors, and very frequently people take a liking to some of their neighbors’ words and take those words over into their own language. These words are termed borrowings, or loanwords. Loanwords may cover every aspect of human life, including politics, economy, military, culture, art, science, religion and so on.As we know, with the rapid progress of science and technology, especially with the increase of international communication and universal application of internet, languages borrow from each other at an unprecedented rate, take English as an example, the English vocabulary is about more than 1 million while about 80% of them are borrowed from other languages. Moreover, most languages, if not all, manage to widen their vocabularies by borrowing words from other languages.