chapter2A组织环境.ppt

Chapter 2　 The External Environment  外部环境 The essence of a business is outside itself. ---Peter Drucker 企业的本质在其外。 ——彼得.德鲁克 Chapter 2 The External Environment  外部环境 Learning Objectives学习目标 1.How environmental forces influence organizations, as well as how organizations can influence their environments. 2. How to make a distinction between the microenvironment and the competitive environment. 3. Why organizations should attend to economic and social developments in the environment. 4. How to analyze the competitive environment. 5. How organizations respond to environmental uncertainty. What is competitive environment? （task environment） The immediate environment surrounding a firm; includes suppliers, customers, competitors, and the like. 供应商、客户、竞争者等 * What is macro environment? （general environment） The most general environment; includes governments, economic conditions, and other fundamental factors that generally affect all organizations. 政府（法律和法规），经济，技术，人口统计， 社会问题和自然环境。 Chapter 2 The External Environment Figure2.1 The external environment of a firm The external environment of a firm ： At the more general level is the macro environment, which includes legal, political, economic, technological, demographic, and social and natural factors that generally affect all organizations. （宏观环境） The firm exists in its competitive environment, which is composed of the firm and competitors, suppliers, customers, new entrants, and substitutes. （竞争环境） The macro environment includes: -Law and Regulations 法律和法规 -The Economy 经济 -Technology 技术 -Demographics 人口统计 -Social Issues and the Natural 　　　　 　　Environment 社会问题和自然环境　 1. Laws and regulations 政策和法规 -The government ca