【精品论文】某市生态安全评价［资源环境与城乡规划管理毕业论文］.doc

大同市生态安全评价 摘 要 进几十年来，随着日益加剧的人口，环境和资源问题的出现，自然生态环境安全问题引起了人们越来越多的关注。生态安全，作为一种新的安全观，近几年来普遍被世界各国所接受，成为公共的经济伦理规范。由自然环境和人工环境组成的城市生态系统为人类提供必要的生态服务，生态安全水平的高低直接影响其健康和完整，同时也影响着城市居民以及社会经济的健康，所以对城市生态系统的研究意义重大。 大同是我国重要的资源型城市，煤炭资源十分丰富。在过去十几年期间，由于只顾着发展经济而忽略了对其生态环境的保护，使得其生态系统的安全现状并不是很乐观。长此下去，必将对其经济的发展造成不利的影响，甚至危害到民众的身心健康。因此，对大同市进行生态安全现状评价，弄清楚其在发展的过程当中存在的一些相关问题，对大同市今后实现可持续发展是十分重要的。 本文通过对城市系统及生态安全评价的相关理论和方法的深入研究和探讨，根据城市生态系统的安全与人类活动影响之间的密切关系，运用了“压力—状态—响应”概念模型构建了大同市的生态安全评价指标体系；并综合运用了层次分析法结合专家咨询法对指标体系的进行分析；以大同市2005年的各个指标数据为依据，对大同市的生态安全进行了综合的评价。得出大同市2005年的生态安全综合评价结果为0.688，为预警状态。 本文的研究成果不仅为深入开展区域生态安全预警系统建设研究奠定了重要的基础，而且对大同市现状的经济发展形式进行了一定的分析，以及对“转型发展，绿色崛起”以后及持续发展战略提出了自己的一些建议，希望能给读者一些借鉴。 关键词: 大同市、生态安全、生态系统、城市生态安全评价 Abstract In the past several decades, as the appearance of growing problems about population, environment and resource, the safety of the natural ecological environment has aroused more and more attention. Ecological security, as a new security concept, has been generally accepted by all countries in the world as the publics economic ethics in recent years. The Urban ecosystem, made up by the natural environment and artificial environment, provide the necessary ecological services to human. The level of ecological safety directly affect not only their health and integrity, but also the health of urban residents and socio-economic. So the study of urban ecosystems have great significance. Datong is an important resource-based city in our country，it is very rich in coal resources. But in the past ten years, because it merely emphasised on developing its economy, but neglected to protect the ecological and environmental, causing the safety of the ecosystem is not very optimistic. If this situation continue to go on, it will Adversely affect the development of economy, even may make people’s physical and mental health in danger in the future. Therefore, to evaluate the Status quo of ecological security and try to clarify the issues in the city’s developing process, it is very imp