《英语惯用法》xin.ppt

English Usage 衡阳师范学院外语系 xxx Except, but Why didn’t Mary go? She would have gone except she didn’t have time. 虚拟语气的用法 现在时间 If I were a bird, I’d fly to you at once. 如果我有地图, 我就借给你. If I had a map, I would lend it to you. 过去时间 If I had known that you were coming, I would have met you at the airport. 如果我们早点找到他, 我们或许已把他救活了. If we had found him earlier we might have saved his life. 将来 时间 If it should rain tomorrow, we might have to put off the picnic. 如果下学期他努力学习,他是会考及格的. If he should work hard next semester, he would pass the examination. 与将来事实相反条件句动词形式： 1.If the ship left at noon, it would pass through the canal between 2:00 and 2:30 p.m. 2.If the ship should leave at noon, it would pass through the canal between 2:00 and 2:30 p.m. 3.If the ship were to leave at noon, it would pass through the canal between 2:00 and 2:30 p.m.. 虚拟语气在从句中的用法 主语从句 It is essential that this mission not fail. 在法庭辩论之前她必须要掌握所有的证据. It is essential that she should get all the facts before the court debate starts. 废除这项税收是合适的 It is appropriate that this tax should be abolished. ?用于这类虚拟语气中的表语为形容词或过去分词, 常用的有: advisable, appropriate, best, desired, crucial, essential, important, requested, incredible, preferable, natural, ordered, possible, insisted, better, desirable, demanded, arranged, decided, necessary, strange, urgent, required, suggested, vital, ridiculous, imperative, recommended等. 宾语从句 She insisted that he go shopping with her. 医生要求立即给病人做手术. The doctor asked that the patient should be operated on at once. ?常用的引起这类虚拟语气的宾语从句的动词有: determine, urge, request, recommend, propose, command, maintain, deserve, desire, advise, prefer, vote, suggest, require, order, beg, move, insist, decide, demand, ask等. Wish I wish I were young and energetic forever. (与现在的实际情况不同时, 从句动词用过去式, be用were); ? She wishes she had never met him. (与过去的实际情况不同时, 从句动词用had+过去分词”或could have +过去分词) ?e.g. I wish I could have slept longer this morning, but I had to get up and go