毕业论文：汽车电路和线路的情况.doc

上海市虹口区业余大学 毕业设计（论文、作业） 毕业设计（论文、作业）题目： 汽车电路和线路的情况 年级、专业： 09汽车 教育层次： 大专 学生姓名： 陈俊杰 学 号： 19 指导教师： 严伟民 完成日期： 2011.6.1 ?????????? 目录 内容摘要························································3 引言··························································3 一、汽车的电路情况············································4 (一) 汽车电路的串联和并联······································4 （二）汽车电路的识别方法·······································4 （三）灯光??路情况·············································4 （四） 数字信号转换············································5 二、全车线路识别原则·········································5 （一）全车线路连接原则·········································5 （二）基本要求·················································5 三、识读线速图的基本要求·····································7 四、全车线路的认读···········································6 （一）电子系统电路的特点········································6 （二）点火系统线路··············································7 （三）仪表系统线路··············································7 （四）照明系统线路··············································7 结束语··························································8 参考文献························································9 致谢····························································10 内容摘要 本文详细介绍了 各种汽车的电路情况，归纳了好几种由电路问题发生的故障 全车线路的走向和识读，并且归纳了线路的原则，识别线路的基本要求，和各种仪表的认识。 关键词 汽车电路，蓄电池，多路控制装置，电器设备，发动机 ，前照灯，喇叭。 一、汽车的电路情况 （一） 汽车电路的串联和并联 汽车电路实行单线制的并联电路，这是从总体上看的，在局部电路仍然有串联、并联与混联电路。全车电路其实都是由各种电路叠加而成的，每种电路都可以独立分列出来，化复杂为简单。全车电路按照基本用途可以划分为灯光、信号、仪表、启动、点火、充电、辅助等电路。每条电路有自己的负载导线与控制开关或保险丝盒相连接。 （二） 论汽车电路的识读方法 在汽车上，往往一条线束包裹着十几支甚至几十支电线，密密麻麻令人难以分清它们的走向，加上电是看不见摸不着，因此汽车电路对于许多人来说，是很复杂的东西。但是任何事物都有它的规律性，汽车电路也不例外。 一般家庭用电是用交流电，实行双线制的并联电路，用电器起码有两根外接电源线。从汽车电路上看，从负载（用电器）引出的负极线（返回线路）都要直接连接到蓄电池负极接线柱上，如果都采用这样的接线方法，那么与蓄电池负极接线柱相连的导线会多达上百根。为了避免这种情况，设计者采用了车体的金属构架作为电路的负极，例如大梁等。因此，汽车电路与一般家庭用电则有明显不同：汽车电路全部是直流电，实行单线制的并联电路，用电器只要有一根外接电源线即可。 蓄电池负极