基于896KB单片机的铅酸蓄电池智能充电系统的设计（终稿）.doc

铅酸蓄电池智能充电系统的设计 学生：XXX 指导老师:XXX 内容摘要：本文所设计的铅酸蓄电池智能充电系统，内容主要包括对蓄电池充电方法的研究和充电系统的设计。在通过对蓄电池充电原理和充电方法研究的基础上，提出采用恒压限流充电和脉冲充电相结合的充电方法。这种充电方法可以始终地使充电电流在总体上逼近蓄电池的可接受充电电流曲线，并且在整个充电期间内适时地采取了去除蓄电池极化的措施。理论研究和实验数据表明，这种充电模式可以大大缩短充电时间，提高充电效率。 实验结果表明，基于80196KB单片机控制的智能充电系统，其效率高、调节时间快的良好充电特性可得到充分发挥，使得蓄电池具有较高的使用容量和较长的循环寿命，可满足电机车动力蓄电池的充电要求，具有良好的应用前景，为提高蓄电池的性能和可靠性提供一条新的、有效的途径。 关键词：铅酸蓄电池 智能充电 80C196KB 单片机 Design for intelligent charging system of Lead-acid batteries Abstract：In this paper the design of lead-acid batteries intelligent charging system, content mainly includes to battery charging method of research and charging system design. In the battery principle and charging methods on the basis of study, the paper proposes the constant pressure and pulse current limiting charging charging combination of charging methods. This kind of charging methods can always to recharge current in overall approximation battery acceptable charging electric current curve, and throughout the charging period timely adopted remove battery polarization measures. Theoretical and experimental data shows that this model can greatly shorten charging charging time and improve charging efficiency. Experimental results show that based on the intelligent charging 80196KB single-chip microcomputer control system, its high efficiency, regulating time quick good charging characteristics can get fully, make battery has higher use capacity and long cycle life, can meet the electric locomotive motive battery charging request, has a good application prospect for improving battery performance and reliability provides a new and effective way. Keywords: Lead-acid batteries Intelligent charging 80C196KB singlechip  目 录 前言 1 1 总体设计方案 1 1.1系统的设计要求 1 1.2智能充电方法的选择 2 1.3系统的结构原理框图 2 1.4充放电方法的控制与实现 3 2 课题的研究现状 3 2.1充电技术的发展状况 3 2.2充电电源的发展状况 4 2.3传统的充电方式 4 3 铅酸蓄电池智能充电的基本原理 6 3.1蓄电池的基本概念和工作原理 6 3.1.1电池的种类和特性 6 3.1.2铅酸蓄电池的基本概念 7 3.1.3铅酸蓄电池的工作原理 10 3.2铅酸蓄电池的充电特性 11 3.3 J.A.马斯(J.A.Mas)三定律 12 3.4极化电压 14 3.5智能充