毕业设计：光学三维测量机毕业设计（终稿）.doc

摘 要 逆向工程是当前用于产品开发和仿制加工的一种先进手段，是集测量技术、CAD技术、激光技术、材料技术和计算机控制技术等为一体的高新技术，它针对现有的工件（样品或模型），利用3D数字化测量仪器快速、准确的测得大量轮廓坐标点，并对这些坐标点进行去噪，匹配加以构建，修改后输入到CAD/CAM系统，生成NC的刀具加工路径，或输入CNC进行生成所需的模具，或者生成某种格式的文件输入到快速成形机将样品模型制造出来。三维光学测量机就是这样一种设备，它可以将在三维物理空间中的被测物体复制到三维数据空间当中并进行重现，我们称之为建立三维模型。这种能力使三维扫描仪拥有非常巨大的应用前景。由于逆向工程技术具有广泛的应用领域和实用价值，因此，世界上主要工业国家纷纷投入巨资对此项技术进行研发和推广应用，他们无不站在21世纪世界制造业全球竞争的战略高度来对待这一技术。目前该项技术已经广泛应用于机械零部件的快速开发、汽车和飞机覆盖件的快速检测和反求、快速模具、医疗及康复工程、家用电器、工业设计、工艺品制作以及儿童玩具等领域，取得了巨大的经济效益。本次设计主要是完成光学三维测量机机械部分和控制系统的设计，本文提出的结构光三维测量系统是一种光栅式结构光扫描双目视觉测量技术。由于是面扫描，所以，在速度上有很大的优势，可以很好的实现被测自由曲面的快速、高精度的三维尺寸测量。通过对测量机的个部分部件的设计，最后完成光学三维测量机的设计工作。 关键词　逆向工程 三维模型 光学三维测量机 光栅 扫描 Abstract Reverse engineering is currently used for product development and imitation of an advanced means of processing, is set measurement technology, CAD technology, laser technology, materials technology and computer-controlled technology, which integrates high-tech, it addresses the existing part (or sample MODEL), using 3 D digital measuring instruments quickly and accurately measured the outline of a large number coordinates, and coordinates of these points denoising, match to build, the revised import to CAD / CAM system, generating the NC tool processing path, or enter CNC to generate the necessary die, or generate a certain format of the files into a rapid prototyping machine will be created by the sample model. Three-dimensional optical measuring machine is one such device, which can be three-dimensional physical space of the detected objects copied to the 3D data space and return them, we call it the establishment of three-dimensional model. This ability to 3-D scanner has a very great prospect. Since reverse engineering is a wide range of applications and practical value, the worlds major industrial countries have invested heavily in research and development of the technology and application, they all stand in the 21st century global competition in world manufacturing strategy to deal with this highly A technology. Cur