基于单片机的倒车防撞系统.docVIP

摘　　要 随着经济的发展，汽车的数量日益增多，现在公路上的车流量不断增大，倒车很难前后相顾，一不小心就可能造成财产损失，因此，驾驶安全成为了人们关注的焦点。在车上倒车防撞系统器就可以解决驾驶员的后顾之忧，大大降低交通事故的发生。倒车防撞系统是一个智能型电子监控系统，当驾驶员驾驶车辆在倒车状态时，该系统发挥作用。倒车防撞系统利用超声波测距原理，在倒车和停车时检测车辆后方与障碍物的距离，并将检测结果送入单片机进行实时处理，当检测距离小于安全距离时发出警报，提醒驾驶员及时的采取减速或刹车等措施，从而达到防止碰撞事故发生。 本说明书主要阐述了倒车防撞系统的工作原理，并对单片机AT89C51进行了简单介绍，给出了倒车防撞系统的总电路图，并对各个部分分别进行了详细介绍。 系统采用AT89C51作为主控芯片，计算车辆与障碍物的距离，并执行相关操作。采用CX20106作为超声波接收电路的放大芯片。 关键词：　驾驶安全　　倒车防撞系统　　AT89C51　　超声波测距　　  ABSTRACT The number of cars is increasing with the development of economy. Now on the highway traffic is growing larger. It is difficult to take the whole situation into consideration when you reverse the vehicles. A carelessly may cause property damage. Therefore， driving safety became the focus of attention. The reverse anti-collision system can solve the driver’s worries. The system can greatly reduce traffic accidents. The system is an intelligent electronic monitoring system. The system works when driving vehicles in reverse state. Reverse anti-collision system use ultrasonic ranging principle. It rear and obstacles detection distance in reverse and parking vehicle and will test results into single chip for real-time processing. It is alarms when the detection distance less than a safe distance. It remind drivers timely take slow down or the brake and other measures thus to prevent collision accident. This manual mainly expounds the reverse crash the working principle of the system and AT89C51 is simply introduced. It gives the total circuit of the reverse anti-collision system. And it gives detailed introductions for each part. The system uses AT89C51 as the master chip to calculate the distance of the vehicle and obstacles， and carry out the relevant operation. The system uses CX20106 as ultrasonic receiving circuit magnification chip. Key words： Driving safety Reverse anti-collision system AT89C51 Ultrasonic ranging  1.1　论文背景及意义 随着社会经济的发展交通运输业的日益兴旺，汽车的数量在大幅度攀升。拥有私家轿车的人越来越多，由于倒车而产生的问题也日益突出，安全倒车就成为人们最为担心的问题之一。目前，为了解决汽车倒车难的问题，有3种思