论文 基于单片机的超声波测距系统研究与设计.doc

毕业设计报告(论文) 题目: 基于单片机的超声波 测距系统研究与设计 所属系 专 业 学 号 姓　　名 指导教师 起讫日期 设计地点 PAGE  毕业设计报告（论文）诚信承诺 本人承诺所呈交的毕业设计报告（论文）及取得的成果是在导师指导下完成，引用他人成果的部分均已列出参考文献。如论文涉及任何知识产权纠纷，本人将承担一切责任。 学生签名： 日　　期：   PAGE 23 基于单片机的超声波测距系统研究与设计 摘 要 由于超声波指向性强，能量消耗较小，在介质中传播的距离较远，因而超声波经常用于距离的测量，如测距仪和物位测量仪等都可以通过超声波来实现。利用超声波检测往往比较迅速、方便、计算简单、易于做到实时控制。它是一种非接触式的检测方式，与其它方法相比，不受光线、被测对象颜色等影响。对于被测物处于黑暗、有灰尘、烟雾、有毒等恶劣的环境下有一定的适应能力。 首先介绍了超声波测距的原理和方法。设计了以STC89C52RC单片机作为主控制器，用动态扫描法实现LED数字显示，超声波驱动信号用单片机的定时器完成。在介绍超声测距系统功能的基础上，提出了基于单片机的超声波测距系统的总体结构。对测距系统发射、接收、检测、显示部分的总体设计方案进行了研究与设计。 关键词：超声波；测距；STC89C52RC单片机；定时器 Ultrasonic distance measurement system based on single chip research and design Abstract Because the ultrasonic wave has the features,不通顺 such as strong point, small energy consumption and a long distance transmission in the medium, it always used for the distance measurement. Such as range finders and all level measurement can be achieved through the ultrasonic wave. Use of ultrasonic testing is often more rapid, convenient and simple terms, easy to achieve real-time control. It is a non-contact detection methods. Compared with other methods, it’s not influenced by light, color and other effects of the tested object. When the measured object in the dark, dusty, smoggy, toxic and other adverse circumstances, ultrasonic wave has a certain degree of adaptability. This thesis has mainly described the principle and method of ultrasonic range-finder. The design uses STC89C52RC single-chip microcomputer as the main controller, the dynamic scanning method to achieve LED digital display, and single-chip timer to complete ultrasonic driving signals. Basing on introducing the function of ultrasonic ranging system, Proposed ultrasonic ranging system based on single chip the overall structure and also researches the designed program including ranging system launch, recei