基于单片机的数字电压表的设计_毕业论文.doc

摘 要 单片机是一种集成电路芯片，随着计算机在社会领域的渗透， 单片机的应用正在不断地走向深入，同时带动传统控制检测日新月益更新。在实时检测和自动控制的单片机应用系统中，单片机往往是作为一个核心部件来使用，仅单片机方面知识是不够的，还应根据具体硬件结构，以及针对具体应用对象特点的软件结合，以作完善。由于单片机具有简单实用、高可靠性、良好的性能价格比以及体积小等优点，已经在各个技术领域得到了迅猛 数字电压表（简称DVM），它是采用数字化测量技术，把连续的模拟量（直流输入电压）转换成不连续、离散的数字形式并加以显示的仪表。传统的指针式电压表功能单一、精度低，不能满足数字化时代的需求，采用单片机的数字电压表，由精度高、抗干扰能力强，可扩展性强、集成方便，还可与PC进行实时通信。目前，由各种单片A/D 转换器构成的数字电压表，已被广泛用于电子及电工测量、工业自动化仪表、自动测试系统等智能化测量领域，示出强大的生命力。与此同时，由DVM扩展而成的各种通用及专用数字仪器仪表，也把电量及非电量测量技术提高到崭新水平。本设计重点介绍单片A/D 转换器以及由它们构成的基于单片机的数字电压表的工作原理。 关键词：单片机， 数字电压表， A/D 转换器， 电压测量  Abstract SCM is a kind of integrated circuit chips, along with the computer in the social sector penetration and MCU application is continuously to the deepening, and pushing the traditional control test on the new beneficial update. In real time detection and automatic control of the microcomputer application system, the microcontroller is often as a core component to use, only single chip microcomputer aspects knowledge is not enough, should according to the specific hardware structure, and the view of the specific application of the characteristics of the object software combination to be perfect. Because single chip has a simple practical, high reliability, good performance to price and the advantages of small size, had been in each technology has developed rapidly development. Digital voltmeter (hereinafter referred to as DVM), it is using digital measurement technique, the continuous analogue (dc input voltage) converted into digital form of discontinuous, discrete and to show appearance. The traditional pointer type voltmeter and low accuracy of single function, and cant meet the needs of the digital age, the digital voltmeter by single chip microcomputer, the high precision and strong anti-interference, extensibility, integration is convenient, still can and PC for real-time communication. At present, by all sorts of single piece of A/D converter in the composition of the digital voltmeter, has been widely used in the electronics an