大学物理上(英文版)期末复习资料整理.pdf

FP FINAL REVIEW INFORMATION BY ZYQ Concept Summery for FP FINAL 2012 spr. Chapter 1 【force and motion 】 (1) Concept 1. particle: ideal object with mass, neglect size, shape, internal structure ... When the size of the object is much less than its moving range. It could be treat as a particle. 2. description：equation of motion/position vector/displacement/ Velocity (vector)/speed(scalar)/acceleration/instantaneous velocity/ Angular velocity/acceleration –circular motion =Common particle motions: Circular motion, projectile motion and general curvilinear motion 3. common force: Gravity/ Elastic force/ Friction/ Universal gravity 4. Newton’s law of motion: [FIRST] Every object continues in its state of rest, or of uniform motion in a straight line, unless it is compelled to change that state by forces impressed upon it. [SECOND] The change of motion is proportional to the net force exert on the object, and occurs on the direction of the net force. [THIRD] If two objects interact, the force F12 exerted by object 1 on object 2 is equal in magnitude to and opposite in direction to the force F21 exerted by object 2 on object 1. 5. Galilean relativity: You can not determine whether a frame is still or move at a constant speed by mechanical experiment in this frame. This is called the Galilean relativity. (2) Calculation: 1.v=dx/dt a=dv/dt 积分应用 2.力学动力学过程分析 Chapter 2 【Conserved quantities and laws in motion 】 1. (1)Centroid: The center of mass of the system is called centroid. 1 FP FINAL REVIEW INFORMATION BY ZYQ (2) Theorem of motion of centroid : No matter how distribution in mass of the body and how external froces ar