虚拟语气详解2.ppt

He telephoned to inform me of your birthday, or I would have known nothing about it. A man who stopped drinking water would be dead in about seven days. I might have given you more help, but I was too busy. In the absence of water and air, nothing could live. “If it (be) not for…”是常见的虚拟条件句的句型，意思是“要不是……”相当于but for 或 without。 Without your help, we couldn’t have finished the work ahead of time.(=But for your help,…=If it had not been for your help,…=Had it not been for your help,…) If it were not for the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy life today. * 高三英语总复习语法系列训练 虚拟语气用法详解 一、虚拟语气在条件句中的用法 二、虚拟语气在其他从句或句型中的用法 三、含有责备语气的虚拟结构 ? if 从句的动词形式 主句的动词形式 ? ? 过去式 (be 的过去式 一般用were) should would might + 动词原形 could 与过去 相反的假设 ? had + 过去分词 should would might + have + 过去分词 could ? 1. 过去式 ( be 一般用 were) 2. should + 动词原形 3. were to + 动词原形 should would might + 动词原形 could 与将来 相反的假设 与现在 相反的假设 虚拟语气是一种用来表示假设、愿望、建议、请求、命令、猜测、可能或空想等的一种语气。 一、虚拟语气在条件句中的用法 请看下列例句： 与现在相反: I would certainly go if I had time. If I were you, I would go there. If I knew his telephone number, I should / could ring him up. 与将来相反: If it should rain, we wouldn’t go out. If he were to go to the moon tomorrow, I would also follow him there. 与过去相反: If he had worked hard, he would have succeeded. If I had set off a little earlier, I would have caught the train. She would / might have come if she hadn’t been so busy. 注①： if 省略句：在虚拟条件从句中，如果有had, should, were时，在正式或书面语中，可以将if省略，而将以上三个词移至主语之前，如： Had they time, they would certainly come and help us. Should there be a flood, what should we do? Had you been more careful, you would have passed the exam. Were I in your position, I would not give up. Were I to do it, I should rely on you. 注②：有时条件从句中的动作和结果与主句中的动作发生的时间不一致，这时动词形式应根据它所表示的时间加以调整，这种句子称为“错综时间条件句”，如： If it had rained last night, it would be very cold