全国英语四六级考试1.doc

英语四六级提纲式作文高分写作技巧 “段”的写作 大多数文章都是由几个 “段”组成,一个 “段”又是有支持作者中心思想的一组句子组成。以下面这段为例： Owing a car is very expensive; in fact, not only is buying a car expensive initially, but we must also spend a lot of money on it once we have bought it. First, we have to have the cash to buy the car, or at least to make a down payment. If it’s a new car, this can be a large amount! Then, after we buy it, we have to pay a car-purchasing tax. Next we have to pay a small sum to get a license plate and an inspection sticker. In addition, we have to get accident insurance. Later, in addition to gas, we will have to pay for repairs for our car and for the yearly inspection. Those things will all cost us a lot of money. It is easy to see why it is expensive to own a car. 首先，一个段要有主题句/段旨句。主题句一般放在段首，有时也可在段中或段末。主题句有几个作用： 1. 介绍段落大意: owing a car 2.限制该段主题的讨论范围：the expenses of owing a car. “expensive”这个词控制了段落大意并告诉读者主题的焦点所在 3. 主题句通常会让读者了解段是怎样展开的, 在上面例子中,主题句还有一部分: “in fact, not only is buying a car expensive initially, but we must also spend a lot of money on it once we have bought it.”由此看出, 作者将讨论买车开始的费用和接下来 的费用。 第二， 一个段有一些起支撑作用的要点，它们都与主题句有关。 为了支撑“owing a car is expensive.”这个主题,作者选了下面4个主要支撑点: 1.We need money to buy the car. 2. We have to pay a car-purchasing tax and pay for a license plate. 3. We must have accident insurance. 4. We must pay for gas and repairs. 第三, 段中的要点必须按逻辑顺序排列。比如，上面那段是按时间顺序排列。 我们买车时，在支付各种费用的步骤中，买车是第一步。 为了体现要点的逻辑性和连贯性，常常要使用一向一些逻辑指示词（也称信号词）。这些指示词不仅有助于要点的连贯，还指出各要点间的关系（比如时间顺序，因果顺序等。例如： First, we have to have the cash to buy the car, or at least to make a down payment. If it’s a new car, this can be a large amount! Then, after we buy it, we have to pay a car-purchasing tax. Next we have to pay a small sum to get a license plate and an inspection sticker. In addition, we have to get accident insurance. Later, in addition to gas, we will have to pay for repairs for our car and for the yearly inspection. 第四，一个段应有结论句。 比如在刚才的例子中，最后一句以重申主题为结论：It is easy to see why it is expensive to o