高中英语阅读理解精析精练-猜测词义1.doc

命题点4 猜测词义 本类考题解答锦囊 英语的一个显著特点是它庞大的词汇数量。即使一个拥有上万单词量的人在阅读英语读物中也难免会遇到生词。如果每遇到生词，就查阅词典，不但会降低阅读速度，而且往往使阅读变得索然无味。据调查，影响人们阅读理解的，首先是词汇。因此学习并掌握一些猜测生词词义的方法，对排除阅读时某些生词的干扰，降低生词率是十分必要的。 任何一个买词，只有在一定的上下文中才能表示一个确定的词义。NMET阅读理解中猜测词义的考查内容既可以是文中的生词，也可以是熟词新义、短语或句子。但都要求考生根据上下文线索 即具体语境 作出推断。此类题的提问形式一般有： 1. Which of the following is nearest/closest in meaning to... ? 2. The underlined word, means_______. 3. The underlined phrase, means_______. 4. The underlined sentence, means_______. 利用上下文的提示猜测词义的方法有如下几种： 1.根据定义或解释猜测词义 【例题】 1 A calendar is a list of the days,weeks,months of a particular year. 根据定义, calendar 的意思是日历.。 2 A biography is the story of a persons life written by someone else 根据定义， biography 的意思是凡别人写的生平叫做传记。 3 Some writers are no longer writing about the modern values of the USA--money, Success or expensive things to buy. 2.破折号后而的内容是对 value 一词的具体解释。 【例题】 1 He replied quickly. But after he considered the problem more carefully, he regretted having made such a hasty decision.根据耻下文学语境意义，可悟出 quickly 与 hasty 同义。 2 Although people in many countries consider raw meat a delicacy 美味 , we Chinese people seldom eat any meat that is uncooked.根据上下文语境意义得知 raw meat 即是 meat that is uncooked. Raw 与 uncooked 表示相同意思生的，未煮过的。 3 --1 think we are being watched. --Really? What makes you think we are under surveillance?根据语境，可判断出 being watched -15 under surveillance 是同义关系。 4 During the concert, the children were quiet but afterwards, they became boiaterous. but 表示转折意思，因此 bomterous 是 quiet 的反义词，意思为吵吵嚷嚷的。 5 Unlike her gregarious sister,Jane is a shy person,who does not like to go to parties,or to make new friends. unlike 是关键词，它表示Jane与她的姐姐完全不同。根据后面对Jane的描述“…ashyper son,．．．not like to go parties or to make new froends，可得知gregarious的意思是好交际的。 3．根据举例 【例题】 1 Scientists are studying how birds such ternsmigrate． 根据举例法 such as ，得知terns是一种鸟。 2 Today young couples whoare just starting their households often spend lots of their money on appliances?for example，was