语法填空技巧与方法.ppt

[例17]His fear of failure ____36____(keep) him from classroom games that other children played with joyous abandon. (2008年深圳一模) 解析：因主语His fear of failure后没有别的谓语动词，需填的动词应为谓语动词；因主语与keep是主动关系，应用主动语态；由从句谓语动词played可知，要用一般过去时，故填kept。 [例18] That was definitely not an attractive idea so I politely declined her invitation, 40 (close) my book and walked away. (2008年广州一模) 解析：虽然句中已有谓语动词declined，但由and walked可知，所填词与declined和walked是并列关系，所以也用一般过去式closed。 [例19] In Logan, three people ___38___ (take)to a hospital, while others were treated at a local clinic. (2007梅州二模) 解析：因主语three people与take是被动关系，即三个人被送进医院，故用被动语态；由were treated可知，要用一般过去时，故填were taken。 技巧9：若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，所给动词就是非谓语动词。若是非谓语动词就要确定用—ing形式、—ed形式，还是用不定式形式，确定的方法主要有： (1)作主语或宾语，通常用—ing形式表示习惯或一般情况，用不定式表示具体的情况。如： [例20] …but it is not enough only 35 (memorize) rules from a grammar book. (2007年佛山一模) 解析：因it是形式主语，后面用不定式作真正的主语，故填to memorize。 [例21]________ (speak) out your inner feeling won’t make you feel ashamed, on the contrary… 解析：句中已有谓语won’t make，所以speak应为非谓语动词；谓语前面应为主语，作主语，表示一般情况，要用动名词短语，故填Speaking。 (2)作目的状语或者在形容词后作状语，一般用不定式。 [例22] _______ (complete) the project as planned, we’ll have to work two more hours a day. 解析：因句中已有谓语will have to work，所以complete应为非谓语动词；因“(为了)按计划完成这项工程”是“我们每天不得不额外多工作两小时”的目的，作目的状语，用动词不定式，故填To complete。 [例23] Some people say that oldest children, who are smart and strong-willed, are very likely ___33 (succeed). (2008年佛山一模) 解析：因在形容词likely后作状语，要用动词不定式，故填to succeed。 (3)作伴随状语，常用分词，与逻辑主语是主动关系，用现在分词，是被动关系，用过去分词。如： [例24] He saw the stone, 37 (say) to himself: “The night will be very dark.” (2008年东莞一模) [例25] The headmaster went into the lab, ________ (follow) by the foreign guests. 解析：句中已有谓语saw，所给动词与saw不是并列关系，应当是非谓语动词；又因He与say是主动关系，故填saying作伴随状语。 解析：句中已有谓语went，而follow又不是与之并列的，故为非谓语动词；又因the headmaster与follow是被动关系，故用过去分词作伴随状语。 (4)不论非谓语动词在句中作何种成分，若判断需要用分词，与逻辑主语是主动关系用—ing形式，是被动关系用—ed形式。如： [例26] There will be a meeting, __40__ (start) later this year to review the film. (2008年广州二模) [例27] Lessons