20吨履带式单斗液压挖掘机工作装置三维设计.doc

山东交通学院 2012届毕业生毕业论文（设计） 题目：20吨履带式液压挖掘机工作装置三维设计 二一二年六月 摘 要 挖掘机械是用铲斗挖掘高于或低于承机面的物料，并装入运输车辆或卸至堆料场的土方机械。挖掘的物料主要是土壤、煤、泥沙以及经过预松后的土壤和岩石。液压挖掘机的工作装置是直接完成挖掘任务的装置，它由动臂、斗杆、铲斗等三部分铰接而成；其工作过程是由动臂的上升下降，斗杆的伸出和回收，铲斗的挖土和卸土，以及上部平台的360°回转等动作组成。从外观上看，挖掘机主要由工作装置、上部转台和行走机构三部分组成。 本论文主要对挖掘机进行工作装置设计。首先，提出整机的方案并初步确定各部件的结构尺寸，进而完成了动臂、斗杆、铲斗等部件的，并对工作装置各部件进行了计算和校核。最后，运用solidworks三维软件绘制了挖掘机的整体三维效果图，实现了挖掘机的三维动画。 关键词：挖掘机，工作装置， solidworks三维软件Abstract Excavator is a earth-moving machinery, is used to dig the material above or below the surface of bearing machine and load transport vehicles or unload to the yard by its bucket. Excavated material is mainly soil, coal, sand, pre-loose soil and rocks. Hydraulic excavators working unit is the device of complete the mining task directly, which consists of boom, stick,and bucket ,the three parts are hinged together; The work process consists of the rise and fall of the boom, the stretch and recovery of stick , the excavation and dump of bucket, and the 360 ° rotary movement of the upper platform and so on. From the exterior view, excavator consist of three parts of working unit, the upper turret, and running gear of three parts. The paper mainly designs the overall structure and the working unit of the excavator. Firstly, the paper must make sure the whole scheme and the initial size of partsstructure, then complete the kinematic analysis of the boom, stick, bucket and other parts , and calculate and check the various components of the working unit. Finally, the three-dimensional software of solidworks is used to draw three-dimensional renderings of the overall excavator, and achieve excavators three-dimensional animation. Keywords: excavator, working unit, the three-dimensional software of solidworks目 录 1 绪 论 1 1.1 选题的目的及意义 1 1.2 挖掘机工作原理概述 2 1.3 国内外研究现状 3 1.4 课题研究方法 4 1.5 论文构成及研究内容 5 2 挖掘机工作装置设计 6 2.1 工作装置构成 6 2.2 动臂及斗杆的结构形式的初选 7 2.3 动臂与动臂油缸的布置 7 2.4 铲斗与铲斗油缸的连接方式 8 2.5 铲斗的结构选择 8 2.6 原始几何参数的初定 9 3 工作装置运动分析 11 3.1 动臂运动分析 11 3.2 斗杆的运动分析