不同育秧方式对水稻苗床N2O排放的影响.docVIP

  不同育秧方式对水稻苗床 N2O 排放的影响 刘树伟，张令，高洁，邹建文 （南京农业大学，江苏省低碳农业与温室气体减排重点实验室，南京 210095） 摘要：基于不同水分管理方式下的水稻育秧方式（分为持续淹水方式下的水育苗床和湿润灌 溉水分管理方式下的旱育苗床），本文研究了不同水稻育秧方式对水稻苗床期 N2O 排放的影 响。研究结果表明：综合不同氮肥施用类型，常规水育苗床系统生育期的 N2O 平均排放通 量介于 28.64~34.35 μg /(m2 h)。与常规水育方式相比，旱育苗床不同施肥处理的生育期 N2O 排放总量增加了 72%~186%。基于本研究中苗床系统的 N2O 排放强度，估算出 20 世纪 90 年代我国苗床系统的 N2O 排放总量介于 1.46~1.96 Gg /a，占稻田本田 N2O 排放总量的 3%~6%。相对于现在所广泛采用的旱育秧方式，常规采用持续淹水管理方式的水育苗床并 增加有机氮肥的投入可以有效地减少水稻苗床期的 N2O 排放。 关键词：N2O; 水稻苗床；育秧方式；稻作生态系统；有机和无机氮肥施用 中图分类号：X131.1 文献标识码：A  Effects of N2O emissions from rice nurseries with different seedling raising methods Liu Shuwei, Zhang Ling, Gao Jie, Zou Jianwen (Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Agriculture and GHGs Mitigation, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China) Abstract: A great many field measurements have been taken on N2O emissions after rice seedlings are transplanted from nursery patches into paddy fields, while N2O fluxes from the seedling nurseries are not well documented in China. Field measurements of N2O fluxes were taken in rice seedling nurseries under the water regimes of continuous flooding and moist irrigation without waterlogging in Southeast China in 2010. Fluxes of N2O from continuously flooded nurseries averaged 28.64－34.35 μg/(m2 h) for the different fertilizer applied plots. Relative to continuous flooding, moisture irrigation increased total N2O by 72%－186% for the different fertilizer applied plots. The N2O emissions from rice seedling nurseries amounted to 1.46－1.96 Gg/a in the 1990s, accounting for 3%－6% of the totals in rice paddies in China. Continuous waterlogging instead of moist irrigation and increased organic N fertilizer inputs that have been increasingly experienced in1Chinese rice seedling nurseries would benefit for mitigating N2O emissions in rice seedling nurseries in China. Keywords: nitrous oxide; rice nursery bed; seedling raising method; rice-based agroecosystem; organic/inorganic N fertilization 0 引言 氧化亚氮（N2O）是重要的温室气体之一，农业占大气 N2O 人为排放源的