高灰难选煤泥抑制剂降灰提质试验研究.docVIP

  高灰难选煤泥抑制剂降灰提质试验研究 李吉辉1，马力强1，桂夏辉2，程敢1，王强1** （1. 中国矿业大学（北京）化学与环境工程学院，北京 100083； 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 2. 中国矿业大学化工学院，江苏 徐州 221116） 摘要：论述了高灰难选煤泥精煤灰分高的原因，介绍了抑制剂在煤泥浮选中降灰的机理及作 用。在相同的实验室条件下，分别利用水玻璃、六偏磷酸钠和苛性淀粉三种抑制剂进行对比 试验，结果表明：在浮选高灰难选煤泥时，六偏磷酸钠的抑制效果优于水玻璃和淀粉。当浮 选入料灰分为 22.87%，六偏磷酸钠用量为 1500g/t 时，与不加抑制剂的常规浮选相比精煤 灰分下降了 1.05%，同时精煤产率上升 5.52%。 关键词：选矿技术；高灰难选煤泥；浮选；抑制剂；降灰提质 中图分类号：TD94 Studies on the Ash Declining and Quality Improving of Depressant in Flotation Of Difficult Preparation of High Ash Coal Slime LI Jihui1, MA Liqiang1, GUI Xiahui2, CHENG Gan1, WANG Qiang1 (1. School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing), Beijing 100083; 2. School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, China University of MiningTechnology, JiangSu XuZhou 221116) Abstract: This paper has discussed the causes that give rises to the high ash content in the high ash and difficult prepared slime floatation, and introduced the mechanism and effect of depressant in the coal slime floatation. The author performed a series balance experiments under the same conditions with water glass, sodium haxametaphosphate and caustic amylum as various depressants. The result shows that sodium haxametaphosphate has the best depressant effect in them. Under the conditions that the ash of the feed is 22.87%, the does of sodium haxametaphosphate is 1500g/t, the ash of cleaning coal falls by 1.05 percentage points, and its recovery rate rises by 5.52 percentage points than the common floatation without depressants. Keywords: mineral separation technology; difficult preparation of high ash coal slime; flotation; depressant; ash declining and quality improving 0 引言 随着我国煤炭资源的消耗以及机械大型化在煤炭开采中的推广，开采原煤灰分增高，细 泥含量进一步增大，使煤炭的洗选变得更加困难[1]。作为目前最有效的细粒煤泥分选方法， 浮选对于选煤厂的经济效益和环境效益有着重要的影响。所以，高灰难选煤泥的浮选降灰成 为业界亟需解决的课题。 影响煤泥浮选指标最主要的矿物有两类：泥质矿物和硫化矿物。前者包括高岭土、水云 母、绿泥石、蒙托石、泥质页岩等，后者主要为黄铁矿、白铁矿等。这些矿物质以细粒或微 细粒嵌布，如果单体解离不彻底则难以分离；粒度过细时，又会降低选择性。泥质矿物易泥 化，含量较高时使浮选过程受到干扰，严重影响分选作业。此外，硫化矿物的可浮性和煤相 近，加上其组成核结构的碳质污染