中考英语错误分类详解.doc

I. “蛇足”类错误例析 ??? “蛇足”类错误就是“画蛇添足”，在句中出现一些原本没有或本应省略的成分。 例1. Though traveling by air is fast and comfortable, but it costs too much money. (×)??? Traveling by air is fast and comfortable, but it costs too much money. (√)??? Though traveling by air is fast and comfortable, it costs too much money. (√) 例2. Because he was ill yesterday, so he didn’t go to work. (×)??? Because he was ill yesterday, he didn’t go to work. (√)??? He was ill yesterday, so he didn’t go to work. (√) ??? [析] 用though, but表示“虽然……，但是……”或用because, so 表示“因为……，所以……”时，though和but 及because和so 都只能择一而用，不能两者同时使用。 例3.More than three hundreds people died in the oil well accident in Chongqing in 2003.×）??? More than three hundred people died in the oil well accident in Chongqing in 2003. (√) ??? [析] hundred, thousand, million, billion等词前有具体数词修饰用来表示“确数”时，无论数词大小，hundred等词都要用单数形式。 例4. My English teacher is a 38-years old man. (×)???My English teacher is a 38-year-old man. (√) ??? [析] 句中的38-years-old是由数词、名词和形容词一起构成的复合形容词，在句中充当定语，修饰名词man。复合形容词作定语时, 其中的名词要用单数形式, 且各词之间要有连字符“-”。 例5. The Smiths have moved Beijing. (×)???? The Smiths have moved to Beijing. (√) ??? [析] 不及物动词后接名词或代词作宾语时，要在动词之后加上适当的介词；但不及物动词后接home, here, there等副词作宾语时，动词之后不必加任何介词。 例6. The box is too heavy for him to carry it. (×)??? The box is too heavy for him to carry. (√) ??? [析] the box既是这句话的主语, 也是不定式to carry的逻辑宾语，若句末再加上it，就和the box重复了。 ?II. “主谓不一致”类错误例析 ??? 主谓不一致类错误指的是句子的主语和谓语动词在人称和数上不一致而形成的错误。 例1.? Each of the boys have a pen. (×)???? Each of the boys has a pen. (√) ??? [析] 复数名词前有表个体的each of, one of, every，either of等词组修饰，或有表否定的neither of, none of 等词组修饰时，谓语动词要用单数形式。 ?例2.?? 那是你心软！我不就是一个例子吗？??? Neither he nor you is good at English. (×)???? Neither he nor you are good at English. (√) ??? [析] either... or..., neither... nor..., not only..., but also... 等词组连接句子的两个主语时，谓语动词遵循“就近一致原则”, 即由靠近谓语的那个主语决定谓语的人称和数用何种形式。 例3.? Two months are quite a long time. (×)??? Two months is quite a long time. (√)? [析] 当时间、度量、距离、重量等名词作句子主语时，常将其看作一个整体谓语动词要用单数形式。 ?