发作性癫痫课件.pptVIP

Seizures Epilepsy Molly Tonder, Michelle Gonzaga, Brittany Miller Seizures I. A sudden, explosive, disorderly discharge of cerebral neurons A. Alteration in brain function 1. Sudden or transient 2. Involves motor, sensory, autonomic, or psychic manifestations 3. Temporarily alters systemic arousal 4. Often manifests as convulsions but there are many different kinds of seizures B. Brief disruption in the brain’s electrical functions II. Seizures are a syndrome, not a specific disease Epilepsy A condition in which seizures occur without known, correctable cause(s), thus seizures occur and reoccur without treatment The term epilepsy is all-encompassing and says nothing about the type of seizure, however the specific area of the brain affected may suggest the specific type of seizure Prevalence of epilepsy is 5-10 per 1000 persons Incidence of a seizure does not necessarily indicate epilepsy May also manifests as strange sensations and/or emotions and/or behavior including convulsions, muscle spasms, and loss of consciousness Etiology Seizures in general can be caused by any disorder that alters the neuronal environment, so anyone can theoretically experience a seizure Onset of a seizure may indicate a previously existing, ongoing primary neurological disease Etiologic factors in seizures generally include Cerebral lesions Biochemical disorders Cerebral trauma Epilepsy In short, anything from illness to brain damage to abnormal brain development Etiology, cont’Epilepsy can result from numerous conditions depending on the age of the person experiencing the syndrome, including but not limited :  metabolic defects congenital malformations genetic predisposition perinatal injury postnatal trauma mycological syndromes Infection brain tumor vascular disease fever drug or alcohol abuse Pathogenesis A. Result of complex genetic mutations and environmental factors can cause 1. Abnormal brain wiring AND/OR 2. Chemical (neurotransmitter) imbalances