第十一章 疾病预防的策略与措施 (哈医大《流行病学》).ppt

疾病预防策略与措施Strategies for Disease Control and Prevention 三级预防促康复 策略措施要用好 农村卫生是基础 初级保健有帮助 防病要有晴雨表 疾病检测是个宝 全体社会成员均匀地分配 卫生资源 所有个人和家庭，通过自身充分地参与，将享受到初级卫生保健 人们将懂得自己有力量摆脱可以避免的疾病，赢得健康，并且明白疾病不是不可避免的 An even distribution of health resources in all member of society Enjoy primary health care by all person and family through self participate People know they have the power to avoidable disease, to win health, and understand that disease are inevitable. The concept of primary health care Primary health care is essential health care based on practical, scientifically sound and socially acceptable methods and technology made universally accessible to individuals and families in the community through their full participation and at a cost that the community and country can afford to maintain at every stage of their development in the spirit of self-reliance and self-determination. The main task The implementation of disease prevention and control measures, focus on infection diseases, endemic diseases, parasitic disease, occupational disease, and importance disease, Strengthen the metal health work, prevent different accident, stabilization of EPI coverage, enhance the coverage of modern methods to control TB．prevention, management of chronic non-communicable diseases. 开展健康教育和健康促进，积极推进全国亿万农民健康促进行动，提高农村居民基本卫生知识知晓率和中小学健康教育开课率，倡导文明健康的生活方式，增强农村居民的健康意识和自我保健能力，促进人群健康相关行为的形成 Carry out health education and health promotion, advocate a civilized and healthy lifestyle 完善和发展农村合作医疗，探索实行区域性大病统筹，逐步建立贫困家庭医疗救助制度，积极实行多种形式的农民医疗保障制度 第四节 三级预防Tertiary prevention of disease primary prevention (一级预防) secondary prevention（二级预防） tertiary prevention （三级预防） primary prevention （一级预防） （1）定义:又称病因预防，主要是疾病尚未发生时针对致病因素（或危险因素）采取措施，也是预防疾病和消灭疾病的根本措施。 Definition：Primary prevention is called causal prophylaxis . Measures will be adopted for etiological factor (risk factors) when diseases do not happen and it is also basic measures of prophylaxis and eliminating of diseases. （2）基本