基于AVR单片机的温度控制系统设计11.doc

摘 要 近年来智能化测量控制仪表的发展很快。国内市场上已经出现了各种各样的智能化测量控制仪表。本系统以数据采集系统为基础，结合计算机控制理论和计算机通信技术等综合技术，研发一款适合市场需求、和满足毕业设计要求的具有增量式PID算法的智能化测量控制仪表。本设计采用了模块化的思想，条理清楚，主要分为硬件原理设计和软件程序设计。硬件方面：采用AD590温度传感器、AD524运算放大器、TLC2543 A/D转换、AVR ATmega16L单片机、1602A LCD显示器软件方面：单片机系统采用ICCAVR编译器使用C语言开发，还有利用VB6.0编写过程控制监控软件。 本系统在温度检测和控制有很广泛的应用前景，具有较强的使用价值。就其采样频率和分辨率来说属于中速类型，适合对数据频率和控制精度要求不是特别高的应用场合。 关键词：智能仪表；增量式PID；AVR ATmega16；温度测量；温度控制 Abstract In recent years, intelligent intelligent measurement and control instrumentation develop rapidly. A variety of intelligent measurement and control instrumentation have appeared on domestic market. The system is based on data acquisition system, connected with computer control theory, computer communication technology and other integration technology. The intelligent measurement and control instrumentation. is not only suited for the market demand, but also satisfy for the requirements of graduation design, which with incremental PID algorithm, which have been designed in the thesis. The design use modular of thinking, it is clarity that the design can be divided into two main principles: software design and hardware design.Hardware: AD590 temperature sensor, AD524 Operational Amplifiers, TLC2543 A / D conversion, ATmega16 MCU and 1602A LCD Display.Software: MCU system uses ICCAVR compiler and C language, and use VB6.0 to monitor the operation process. The system use widely in temperature measurement and control, it has a lot of practical value. On the sampling frequency and resolution it belongs to middle speed type, suitable for the frequency of the data and control precision which is not particularly high demand. Key words：intelligent instrument , incremental PID, AVR ATmega16, temperature measurement, temperature control 　 目 录 1 绪论 1 1.1 本课题研究背景和意义 1 1.2 本课题研究的内容 1 1.3 智能仪器仪表国内外研究现状 3 2 系统的硬件设计 5 2.1 硬件的总体设计 5 2.2 系统器件的选型 6 2.2.1主控制器 6 2.2.2 温度采集电路 8 2.2.3 A/D转换电路 11 2.2.4 显示电路 14 2.2.5 串行通信电路 15 2.2.6 温度控制电路 16 2.2.7 键盘电路 17 2.2.8 系统电源 18 2.3 总结 18 3