毕业论文--51单片机实现的步进机控制系统.doc

摘 要 步进电机是一种进行精确步进运动的机电执行元件，它广泛地用于工业机械的数字控制。为使系统的可靠性，通用性，可维护性以及性价比最优，根据控制系统功能要求及步进电动机应用环境，确定了设计系统硬件和软件的功能划分，从而实现了基于8051单片机的四相步进电动机的开环控制系统。控制系统通过单片机存储器、I/O口、中断、键盘、LED显示器的扩展，步进电动机的环形分配器、驱动及保护电路、人机接口电路、中断系统及复位电路、单电压驱动电路等的设计。实现了四相步进电动机的正反转、急停等功能。为实现单片机控制步进电动机系统在数控机床上的特殊应用，系统设计了两个外部中断，以实现步进电动机在某段时间内的反复正反转功能，也即数控机床的刀架自动运动。关键词：8051单片机四相步进电动机控制 ABSTRACT The stepping motor is a precision electromechanical incremental actuator.It widely uses the digital approach for control of industrial machines.For dependable,in general use that make system,can support sex an sex price ratio superior,divide the line according to control system funcion request and a function for entering electric motor applying environment,making sure designing system hardware with softwares, from but realizes to base on single chip microcomputer 8051 of four mutually the step enters the dynamoelectric opening the wreath the control the system.The control system passes the single saving maching,I/O in a machine, break off,the keyboard, the display of LED expands, a wreah for entering elecreic motor form assigns the machine,drive and the design of its protection electric circuit, man-machine connection electric circuit, interrupt system and reset circuit, single-voltage driver circuit and so on,realizes four mutually the step enters the electric motor positive and negative to turn, nasty stop to wait the function.For realizing single chip microcomputer control a special application for entering electric motor system in severalth contorling machine bed, the system designed two exteriors breaks off,toing realize a the step enters electric motor is in a certain time of again and again positive and negative turn the function, also count namely the knife that control the machine bed is automatic to enter to the sport. KEYWORD：single chip microcomputer 8051；four-phase stepper motor ；controlAbstract 引言…………………………………………………………1 1.1 课题的来源与意义…………………………………………………1 1.1.1 课题的意义……………………………………………………2 第二章 步进电动机原理及其控制技术…………