高考英语阅读理解词义猜测题解题技巧.ppt

* * 猜测词义 广东 胡 悠 词义猜测题常用的提问方式有： 1. The word “…” refers to / probably means / could best be replaced by _______. 2.The word “…” is most likely to mean ______. 3. What do you think the expression “…” stands for? 4. The underlined word “…” means ______. ...... Lead-in(导入) 1. Definition 定义法 3. Similarity 相似法 2. Contrast 对比法 4. Cause and effect 因果法 5. Example 例举法 8. Common Sense 普通常识 6. Word Formation 构词法 猜测词义 7. Context 上下文 It will be very hard but very brittle — that is , it will break easily. 1. Definition 定义法： 一般通过定义、定语（从句）或同位语（从句）来确定词义。 (adj. 易碎的, 脆的) The herdsman , who looks after sheep, earns about 650 yuan a year. (n. 牧羊人) 2. Contrast 对比法： 利用文中的反义词以及表对比关系的词（组）猜测词义。 表示对比的词有but、while、however、 otherwise等。 Most of us agreed, however, Bill dissented. She is usually prompt for all her classes, but today she arrived in the middle of her first class. A. on time B. late C. slowly D. quickly A (v. 不同意) 3. Similarity 相似法：利用同义词、近义词或词组猜测词义。 Cleaning up waterways is an enormous task .The job is so large, in fact, that the government may not be able to save some of the rivers and lakes which have been polluted. (adj. 巨大的;极大的) 4. Cause Effect 因果法：从原因推测结果，从结果推测原因。 One who is destitute has a great need for food and clothing. That museum is so immense that it will be impossible to see all the exhibits in one day. (adj. 贫穷的,穷困的) (adj. 大的) 5. Example 例举法：利用文中的举例猜测词义。常见的举例的提示词有for instance, for example, such as等 。 Today young couples often spend lots of their money on appliances, for instance, washing machines, refrigerators and color televisions. (n. 电器用具) 6. Word Formation 构词法： 英语单词大多是由词根、词头（前缀）和词尾（后缀）所组成。词根是单词最基本的部分，表达单词的基本含义。在词根前或后加上前缀或后缀，可以用来引申或转变原词的意义。只要我们掌握了各种词根、词头和词尾的基本含义，那么就可以很容易猜测出由其构成的新词的含义了。 中学英语中常见的前缀和后缀有： super- (超) mini- (极小的, 微小的) micro-（极微小的） re- （再，反复） mis-（误，恶） im-（不） un-（不，非） in-（不，非） non-（不，非） -able（能…的 ） -less（不，无） -war