高中主谓一致.ppt

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主谓一致 主谓一致三原则 Ⅰ. 语法一致:语法形式上要一致,即主单,谓单;主复,谓复。 例: The Greens are very fond of working on the farm. Ⅱ. 意义一致:又是主语形式上是单数,但意义上却是复数,那么谓语根据意义也用复数形式;反之亦然。 1. 当主语后面有as well as, in addition to, together with, more than 等短语时,谓语动词不受这些短语影响,仍和主语保持一致。 例:The teacher as well as all her students, is having a picnic in the park. 2. 表示时间、距离、钱数、体积、重量、面积等词组做主语时,通常将其视为整体,谓语动词用单数。 例:Twenty years stands for a long period in one’s life. 3. “the + 形容词”做主语表示抽象概念时,谓语动词用单数;表示一类人时,谓语动词用复数。 例:The new is sure to take place of the old. The young are required to respect the old. 4. and 连接两个并列成分做主语,谓语动词通常用复数;但当and连接两个词语指同一个人或事物时,谓语动词用单数。 例:The poet and writer has produced many works. 注:and连接的两个并列主语前有each, every, no修饰时,谓语用单数。 例:No girl and no boy is absent this morning. Ⅲ. 邻近原则或就近原则:or,either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also…,not…but…等。 例: Not only he but also all his family are keen on concert. 其他特殊情况: 1. 不定式、动名词及从句做主语时,谓语动词常用单数,但what 引导的主语从句有时意义上表示复数,谓语动词用复数。 例: (1) What he said has been recorded. (2) What we need are more textbooks. 2. 不定代词one, every, each, everyone, somebody, either, neither 等做主语或修饰主语时,谓语动词一般用单数。 Neither of my parents likes the movie. 3. many a…,more than one 做主语,尽管意义上是复数,但谓语动词用单数。“more +复数名词 + than one ”做主语时,谓语动词用复数。 例: (1) More than one student has made the suggestion. (2) More student than one have made the suggestion 4. the number of “……的数量”,谓语动词用单数;a number of “大量的……” 谓语动词用复数。 例: (1) The number of Class 1 is 67. (2) A number of students in Class 1 have gone home. 补充:表“许多、大量”的一些短语: plenty of a lot of lots of a quantity of quantities of a large number of a great many many/ few many a + 名词单数+ 谓语单数 a great deal of an amount of amounts of * * + 可数名词复数或不可数名词 + 可数名词复数 + 不可数名词

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