51单片机热量计的毕业设计.doc

摘要 对于热量计的研究，国外的技术明显的先进与国内技术，当前国内的热量技术主要仍然存在下面的一些问题：一种是集中供暖，不仅造成了热量的损失，而且在收费的时候容易产生矛盾，采用按面积收费，造成能源的浪费。 为了更好的节约能源，克服传统的供暖计费方式带来的弊端，首先本文对热量的计量原理进行了分析，在考虑到测量流体的粘性、腐蚀性等运行环境的情况下，选择出合理的能量平衡公式应用到热量表中。然后在综合考虑可行性、适用性、先进性、安全性及易维护性等系统设计原则，选择出了基于基本热量计量原理的热量表硬件的硬件基本组成部分：传感器、放大电路、A/D转换芯片、单片机、程序存储器、数据存储器、晶振电路、LED显示及电路、复位电路等。最后，在主电路的基础上设计出简洁、明了、实用的软件程序，来实现整个热量计费系统的最终运行，而本文研究的热量计适合中国国情，并且计费简单，按用热量计费，对于节约能源有很大的作用。 本文研究的系统的使用和推广对于节约能源、减轻大气污染、提高效率和改革供暖体制必将起到巨大的促进作用。 关键词：单片机;热量表;温度传感器;流量测量;热量计量 Abstract For heat of thousands of research, foreign technology of advanced technology and domestic obviously, the quantity of heat of the current domestic technical main still exists some problems below: one kind is central heating, not only cause loss of heat in charge, and to be a contradiction, made according to the area, causing the waste of energy charge. In order to save energy, overcome traditional heating billing way, first this paper the malpractices of heat measuring principle is analyzed, considering the fluid viscous, measuring corrosive operation environment situation, choose the reasonable energy balance formula applied to heat meter. Then in comprehensive consideration of the feasibility and applicability, advancement, safety and easy maintenance etc system design principle, choose the heat measure based on the basic principle of heat meter hardware basic components: the sensors, amplifying circuit, A/D conversion chip and single-chip microcomputer, program memory, data storage, crystal resonance circuit, keyboard circuit and interface chip, LED display and circuit, reset circuit, etc. Finally, the main circuit designed on the basis of a concise, clear and useful software program, to realize the whole heat billing system eventually run. This paper studies the use and promotes the system to save the energy; reduce for atmospheric pollution, raise the efficiency and reform heating system will play a huge role in promoting. Key words: Single chip; Heat meter； emperature transmitter；l