(毕业论文)基于单片机的太阳能电池数据采集系统.doc

摘要 摘要 当今世界面临着能源短缺与环境污染两大问题，以太阳能电池为核心元件的太阳能光伏发电技术是解决这两大问题的有效途径，在研究和工程应用中，人们需要用太阳能电池测试仪对太阳能电池进行测试获取数据，进而对太阳能电池进行分析评判。基于目前太阳能电池研究和工程应用的实际需要，设计了一款基于单片机的太阳能电池数据采集系统，系统主要包括数据采集和数据处理及结果显示两大部分。 主要从以下两个方面来完成太阳能电池数据采集系统的分析和设计： 1．根据太阳能电池测试原理和电子电路的相关知识，选用合适的电子元器件设计了能够完成数据采集任务的硬件电路，主要包括温度信号采集单元、光强信号采集单元、电压及电流信号采集单元、模数转换单元和串口通信单元等部分。 2．用单片机C 语言编写了与硬件电路相配合的软件程序，控制硬件电路完成数据采集任务和数据采集部分与PC 机之间通过串口进行的数据传输。系统采集的太阳能电池数据包括：电压电流的采集、光强的采集、温度的采 集等。系统通过对这些数据的采集，再通过串口通信发送到PC机中进行数据的处理，最后对太阳能电池做出分析评判。 系统的负载同过步进电机的转动来带动负载的改变，以便实现数据的自动采 集，以及采集不同负载下太阳能电池的各项参数。 关键词太阳能电池；单片机；数据采集； Abstract Abstract Our world is exposed to energy shortage and environmental pollution problems, solar photovoltaic technology makes solar cells as its core components, this technology is an effective method to solve these two problems, in research and engineer application，people need to use solar cell test system to test solar cells, so as to acquire needed data，and to make analysis and judgment to solar cells. Based on the scientific research and productions actual needs, we designed a solar cell test system based on MCU, this system primarily includes two sections, that is data acquisition and data processing and results displaying: According to the test principle of the solar cell and the related knowledge about electronic circuit, we have chosen suitable electronic components to design a hardware circuit, which can complete the task of data acquisition, this hardware circuit includes temperature data acquisition unit, light intensity signal acquisition unit, voltage and current signal acquisition unit, analogue to digital conversion unit and serial communication unit, and so on. We used MCU C programming language to compile software program coordinated with the data acquisition hardware circuit, controlling hardware circuit to complete the task of data acquisition, and the serial communicating between data acquisition section and personal computer Solar cell data collection system include: acquisition of voltage a