2万吨年直接尿素醇解法合成DMC精制工段初步设计.doc

摘要 碳酸二甲酯(Dimethyl?Carbonate，简称 DMC)：常温下为透明液体，略带香味。难溶于水，但能与醇、酮、酯等任意 比混溶。DMC 毒性很小，对金属基本上无腐蚀性。DMC 具有酯的通性，可与水 发生水解反应；可与含活泼氢基团的醇、酚、胺、酯等化合物反应；与二元醇或 二元酚反应生成聚碳酸酯。DMC 分子中含有羰基、甲基、甲氧基等基团，具有 良好的反应性能，可代替剧毒的光气、硫酸二甲酯、氯甲烷等作为羰基化剂、甲 基化剂和甲氧基化剂，成为开发一系列洁净化工工艺的新基块。?设计4万吨/年碳酸二甲酯的工厂设计。本次设计我选用尿素直接醇解法其 特点如下：（1）原料廉价易得；（2 ）工艺简单，易于操作；（3 ）反应产生的氨气 可以回收利用，对环境友好，绿色无污染；（4 ）反应过程无水生产，避免了甲醇 DMC‐水这复杂体系的分离问题，使后续分离提纯简单化。? 关键词：碳酸二甲酯；合成工艺流程 Abstract DMC (Dimethyl Carbonate, referred to as DMC): chemical formula CH3 OCOOCH3 a transparent liquid at room temperature, slightly fragrant.Insoluble in water, but with alcohols, ketones, esters and other any more than compatibility. DMC toxicity is very small, essentially non-corrosive metal. DMC continuity with the ester, the hydrolysis reaction with water; can be used with active hydrogen groups with alcohols, phenols, amines, esters and other compounds reaction; and diols or polycarbonate dual phenol reaction. DMC molecules containing carbonyl, methyl, methoxy and other groups, has a good reaction performance, can replace the highly toxic phosgene, dimethyl sulfate, carbonyl chloride, et c., as agent, methyl and methoxy agent Based agent, a chemical process developed a new series of clean blocks. The design I chose direct alcoholysis of urea following features: (1) cheap and readily available raw materials; (2) process is simple, easy to operate; (3) the reaction of ammonia can be recycled, environmentally friendly, green pollution-free; (4) The reaction of water producti on, to avoid the complexity of methanol-DMC-water separation system, the subsequent sepa ration and purificatio n of simplicity. Through this experiment, I learned to design a production plant in the process of dimethyl carbonate in the whole process. Keywords ：DMC Dimethyl ；Carbonate?Synthesis Process 目录 摘要 I Abstract II 第1章 绪论 1 1.1 项目概述 1 1.2 建设背景 1 1.3 产品简介 2 1.3.1 产品用途 2 1.3.2 国内外发展 2 1.3.3 市场需求 3 1.4 工艺路线 3 1.4.1 光气法 4 1.4.2 甲醇氧化羰基化法 4 1.4.3 酯交换法 4 1.4.4 尿素醇解法 5 1.4.5 工艺路线比较 6 1.5 工