电动葫芦控制系统的设计.doc

摘 要 电动葫芦又叫电动提升机，是一种轻小型起重设备，广泛应用于重物的提升、下降、平移搬运，可以减轻劳动强度，提高生产效率，改善劳动条件的必备机械，如在工厂、矿山、车站、港口、建筑工地、水电站、仓库等生产部门中得到应用。它具有自重轻、构造紧凑、体积小、维修方便、经久耐用等特点。主要结构是减速器、起升电机、运行电机、断火器、电缆滑线、卷筒装置、吊钩装置、联轴器、软缆电流引入器等集动力与制动力于一体。它的执行机构主要由提升机构和水平移动装置组成，机构由锥型电动机、减速器、钢丝卷筒等组成。提升电动机通过减速箱拖动钢丝卷筒，电动机正转或者反转，拖动卷筒，可以使吊在钢丝绳上的吊钩上升或下降，实现提升和下放对象，水平移动装置由电动机，减速箱，导轮，“工”字梁等组成。平移电动葫芦可以在工字梁上来回移动，用机械撞块限制前后两个方向的移动行程。 本文主要是关于电动葫芦控制的设计。通过对电动葫芦的控制设计以及PLC控制系统的工作原理的分析、系统设计、编程、及上机调试工作的实践，了解机器控制系统的一般设计思路，熟悉和掌握外围电路系统和软件设计的方法，并掌握利用PC对PLC工作状况进行监控的方法。 关键词 电动葫芦，提升，下降，平移，PLC ABSTRACT Along with the science and technology progress and economic development. Electric power application is more and more widely . Electrical production, transportation, distribution and application of electricity plays a control role, adjust, test and protection.And the introduction of the PLC make electric control becomes easy and convenient, intelligent and reliable. Also called electric hoist, electric hoist is a small-sized lifting equipment, widely used in weight lifting, lowering, translational carrying, can reduce labor intensity, improve production efficiency, improve the working conditions necessary machinery,. Such as in factories, mines, railway stations, ports, construction, hydropower station, warehouse, etc applied in the production department. It has light weight, compact structure, small volume, convenient maintenance, durability, etc. Main structure is the reducer, lifting motor, motor operation and firearms, cable wire, roll device, hook device, couplings, flexible cable current introduction of device, etc. Integrating force and braking force. Its executive body is mainly composed of hoisting mechanism and horizontal moving device, institutions from cone type motor, speed reducer, the wire reel, etc. Hoist motor through a gearbox drag the wire reel, motor are turning or reverse, drag the reel, can make the hanging on the rope hook up or down, and realize the object of raising and lowering, level of mobile device consists of motor,