软网络模型的发展过程中存在的中小企业供应链管理成效【外文翻译】.doc

本科毕业设计（论文） 外 文 翻 译 一、外文原文 Development of a soft network model toimprove supply chain management performance of SMEs Hadi Ghaderi1, Soroush Avakh Darestani, Zulkiflle Leman and Md YusofIsmail IIE Transactions 2006 INTRODUCTION In fast-changing and increasingly competitive global market, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), which exert a strong influence on the economy of many countries through their ability to innovate new products and processes, have been the engine of economic growth and technological progress . In the past, large firms were regarded as the main driving forces for innovation, but more recently, the interest has shifted to SMEs as well as networks of firms. Desirably or undesirably, any business organization is a piece of at least one supply chain. This number is variable on the size and nature of that business and SMEs are not an exemption. The importance of effective SCM can also be seen in an organization’s ability to gain a competition advantage. In this context, regarding the size, function and relationship of SMEs, the nature of SCM implementation is very different when compared to large firms. In other words, small firms do not implement SCM in the correct way that large firms do. This inadequacy could be due to the way small firms find their position in the supply chain and the way they corporate with the parties within the chain. Accordingly, in many cases, theoretical models are effective tools to illustrate the real trends in a virtual environment. REVIEW In 1980s, the term supply chain management (SCM) was developed to express an integrated key business approach from the original suppliers to the end users. Supply chain management is a monolithic collaboration of design, maintenance and operation of supply chain processes to target the satisfaction of end users. From operational management point of view, supply chain management is the strategic coordination of the supply chain for the purpose of integrating supply and demand