论华人在美国对华外交决策中的影响.pdf

中文摘要 作为世界上昀大发达国家和世界上昀大发 展中国家,中美双边关系的博弈 及其走向一直以来都是国际关系学界关注的焦点。对影响两国关系的因素进行 相关研究和分析,具有重要的理论意义和现实意义。从美国方面而言,其对华 外交决策受多方面因素影响。长期以来,国内学者习惯于从国际政治结构的角 度研究中美关系,关注点主要集中在国际格局变化背景下美国对华政策的变化。 从国际关系分层次研究的角度而言,影响美国对华外交决策的因素是多方面的。 受美国犹太人在美国中东政策制定过程中巨大影响力的启示,本文着重从族群 角度考察美国华人群体在美国对华外交决策过程中的影响。 华裔群体是中华民族在海外的重要分支。据统计,美国华裔人口总数已经 超过 300 万。一直以来,对于华人在中美关系中的作用,学界争议颇多。华人 能否在美国对华外交决策中发挥实质性作用成为本文探讨的主要问题。毋庸置 疑,受民族认同和历史现实诸因素影响,美国华人一直通过各种方式推动中美 关系朝着有利于和平、和谐的方向发展,而且他们也能从良性发展的中美关系 中受益。在国际格局日新月异的今天,本文主要考察美国华人通过选举、利益 集团、游说、媒体宣传等途径对美国对华外交决策的参与和影响,并分析制约 华人参与中美关系的诸多因素、提出相应对策及进行趋势预测。 对华人在美国对华外交决策中的影响进行研究,在理论上可以弥补国际政 治层次研究中对国内社会研究的缺失;在实践上可以使决策部门和广大公众对 华人在美国社会中扮演的角色进行重新定位。对于中国政府、美国政府、美国 华人三者而言,则可以通过调整和改进现有政策和策略达到推动中美关系良性 发展的目的。 关键词:华人;中美关系;对华外交决策;对策;趋势1 Abstract The Sino-U.S. relations have always been the most important bilateral relations in the world and also the focus of the international politics study. The study on the factors which affect the bilateral relations has both theoretical and practical significance. There are many factors which affect the decision-making towards China in America. While many experts pay their attention to the international structure that affects the trend of the bilateral relations, I concern more on the domestic process of American decision-making, and the roles of the Chinese Americans played in this process. Enlightened by the truth that the Jews can even decide the direction of U.Sdecision-making towards Israel, I try to explain the role Chinese Americans played in the process of American decision-making towards China Chinese American is an important branch of oversea Chinese. Statistical data shows that there are about 30 millions Chinese in America, but can these people play a positive role on the Sino-U.S. relations? There is skepticism towards this for a long time because Chinese Americans have no interest on politics in America. To some extent, it is true that Chinese Americans didn’t do much on political areas in the past few years, but with t