论明代的政治制度与文书档案工作制度.pdf

摘要 明朝作为我国漫长封建历史中的一个重要王朝,虽然距今已经有六百多年的 历史,但是这个王朝创造的一些制度仍然有值得我们借鉴的地方。明朝之所以能 存在276年,与它合理的各种制度的制定与完善有关,其中的文书档案制度是明 朝的一种重要的制度,对明朝的政治经济发展起到了重要的保障和促进作用。笔 者认为通过系统的研究明朝的文书档案工作制度对我们新时代档案人“以史为 鉴”反思我们现在的档案工作存在的不足进而思考如何能改进现在档案工作制度 存在的缺陷是不无裨益的。明朝作为一个很特别的王朝,它的政治制度也是一个很值得研究的问题,因 为明朝的政治制度在所有的封建王朝中是独一无二的,明初的统治者废除了存在 了千年的丞相制度。经过了明初和明中期的发展,一种全新的制度在明朝出现了, 那就是??内阁制度。在研究明朝的文书档案工作制度的时候不能不研究明朝的 政治制度,笔者认为明朝的内阁制度和文书档案工作制度有着密不可分的关系, 甚至可以说明朝的内阁制度决定了文书档案工作制度。所以本文从明朝的政府机 构设置和政治制度作为切入点,探讨明朝的文书档案工作制度与明朝的重要政治 制度??内阁制度的关系。通过了解了两者的关系,对我们加深了解明朝的文书 档案工作制度出现的原因以及发挥的作用是有很大的帮助的,也可以使我们从另 外一个角度认识现代的文书档案工作制度。 关键词:明代内阁制度;文书档案;文书档案工作制度Abstract Ming dynasty,as a very important dynasty in the long feudal history,it is six century from our time。 Some system which created by Ming dynasty also has its value in our modern society。Due to its perfect system,the dynasty exists 276 years。The archive system is a very important system in Ming dynasty,it has important promotion to the development of politics and economics。I think by researching the archive system of Ming dynasty,we can make our history as a mirror,so that we can have a reflection of the shortcomings in our modern archive system, by understanding our shortcomings we can amend our shortcomings。 As a very special dynasty,Ming’s political system is unique in all of the feudal history,it is worth ours studying。The first ruler of Ming dynasty abolished the Chancellor System,and a new system appeared,it is the Cabinet System。If we want to research the archive system in Ming dynasty,we have to research the Cabinet System。The author consider that the Cabinet System has a inseparable relationship with the archive system,even we can say that the Cabinet System has a direct impact of archive system。This article begins with the set up of Ming’s government institution,in order to probe the relationship between the Cabinet System and the archive system。By understanding the relationship between the two,we can have a deepen understanding of the reason why