土木工程毕业设计----外文翻译.doc

毕业设计（论文） 外文翻译 设计（论文）题目： 宁波新城艺术宾馆2#楼结构设计与预算A fundamental explanation of the behaviour of reinforced concrete beams in flexure based on the properties of concrete under multiaxial stress M. D. Kotsovos Department of Civil Engineering, Imperial College of Science and Technology, London (U. K.) The paper questions the validity of the generally accepted view that for a reinforced concretestructure to exhibit ductile behaviour under increasing load it is necessary for the stressstrain relationships of concrete to have a gradually descending post-ultimate branch.Experimental data are presented for reinforced concrete beams in bending which indicate the presence of longitudinal compressive strains on the compressive face in excess of 0.0035. It is shown that these strains, which are essential for ductile behaviour, are caused by acomplex multiaxial compressive state of stress below ultimate strength rather than postultimate material characteristics. The presence of a complex stress system provides a fundamental explanation for beam behaviour which does not affect existing design procedures. 1. INTRODUCTION The plane sections theory not, only is generally considered to describe realistically the deformation response of reinforced and prestressed concrete beams under flexure and axial load, but is also formulated so that it provides a design tool noted for both its effectiveness and simplicity [1]. The theory describes analytically the relationship between load-carrying capacity and geometric characteristics of a beam by considering the equilibrium conditions at critical cross-sections. Compatibility of deformation is satisfied by the plane cross-sections remain plane assumption and the longitudinal concrete and steel stresses are evaluated by the material stress-strain characteristics. Transverse stresses and strains are ignored for the purposes of simplicity. The stress-strain characteristics of concrete in compression are considered to be adequately described by the de