_着(·zhe)_的意义系统研究.pdf

摘 要 “着（·zhe ）”是现代汉语中非常重要的一个虚词。多年来，很多学者对“着”的 语法意义研究进行了不懈的努力，也取得了一些成果，但至今却没有一个统一的令人满 意的结论。我们希望在前人研究的基础上进行更加全面而深入的探讨，从而建立“着” 的意义系统。 本文根据《汉语动词用法词典》对动词进行穷尽统计，根据动词能否与“着”组合 对动词进行分类，并得出不同类的动词的语义特征，进而初步得出“着”的语法意义； 通过考察“V 着”短语充当各类语法成分的功能，完善“着”的语法意义系统；再考察 “着”在不同句类、语体中的分布，从而得出“着”的完整的语法意义系统；最后用“着” 的语法化历程印证“着”的意义系统。 本文通过对比能够与“着”组合与不能与“着”组合的动词特点初步考察“着”的 语法意义；通过“X 着”与“X ”的对比，从“着”的分布、“着”字结构的分布中分 离出 “着”的语法意义，并对初步得出的语法意义进行补充和完善。本文在研究中注 重全面性和系统性，穷尽考察了动词与“着”的关系，并把“着”放在“了、着、过” 系统中进行考察，重点对比了“了”和“着”在存在句中的异同。本文重点研究了现代 汉语“着”的语法意义，但同时论及“着”的历时演变过程。多角度的研究和多种方法 的综合运用以期使结论更加可靠。 关键词：着，意义，分布 ABSTRACT “Zhe” is a very important particle in Modern Chinese grammar. Many researchers have examined the grammatical fanction and meaning of “zhe”, but they have no consensus. I hope explore further the function and meaning of “zhe” on the basis of previous research to arrive at a satisfactory conclusion. The essay conducts an exhaustive study of Chinese Verb Usage Dictionary to classify the verbs according to whether they can combine with “zhe”, then we can get the semantic features of these verbs, so we basically get the semantic features of “zhe”;we study the pharases of the grammatical role of “V zhe” to perfect the meaning system of “zhe”; Then we explore the distribution of “zhe” in different Sentence types and the Styles, and here we will get the whole meaning of “zhe”; At last, we use the evolution of grammaticalization of “zhe” to check its modern meaning. We compare the semantic differences between the verbs with “zhe” and those without “zhe”. We can get the meaning of “zhe” by comparison “X zhe” and “zhe” from the phrase with “zhe” to sentences with “zhe”, and then make up and polish the privious conclusion.We focus on the whole distribution and system of “zhe”. We explore the con