汉英文化空缺词的分类研究.pdf

摘要 随着对外汉语教学中的对文化教学的重视，对外汉语教学中的文化研究已经 成为了一个热点。学者们从各个角度来观察、来研究。 本文在总结了前人对文化词语和文化空缺词研究的基础上，从文化的定义入 手，将文化结构作为切入点，将文化词语分成了四类：物质文化词语、制度文化 词语、行为文化词语、观念文化词语，而文化空缺词作为文化词语的一种，也可 分为四类：物质文化空缺词、制度文化空缺词、行为文化空缺词以及观念文化空 缺词。本文将四类空缺词进一步细分，共分为 24 小类。随后，本文列举了各类 汉英文化空缺词。 最后，本文阐述了文化空缺词分类研究在三个方面的应用：对文化词典编撰 的影响，对对外汉语教材编写的影响以及对文化词语教学方法的影响。 关键词：文化，文化词语，文化空缺词 Abstract As the culture education is paid great attention to, the culture research has become a hot spot in the teaching Chinese to speaker of other languages. Scholars observe and study it from different angles. Based on the conlusion of culturally loaded words and culturally vacancies, beginning with the definition of culture, by analyzing the constrution of culture, the culturally loaded words are classified into four types: the Substance Culturally Loaded Words ，the System Culturally Loaded Words，the Behaviour Culturally Loaded Words and the Sense Culturally Loaded Words. As the cultural vacancy is a kind of culturally loaded word, therefore, the cultural vacancies are classified into four types: the Substance Culturally Cultural Vacancies，the System Cultural Vacancies ，the Behaviour Cultural Vacancies and the Sense Cultural Vacancies. Then the four types of cultural vacancies between Chinese and English are further classified into 24 catalogs. After that, some examples of those catalogs are given. At last, the application of the study on classification of cultural vacancies are discussed, which covers three points: the effect on cultural loaded words dictionaries editting, the effect on Chinese textbooks to foreigners compiling and the effect on culturally loaded words t