高考英语作文指导.docx

一、说明文一、文体特点说明文是指以说明为主要表达方式，来说明事物的情况、特征或道理的文体。其特点在于说明性、知识性和实用性。二、写作技巧写说明文时要注意以下几点：1. 要仔细观察，抓住事物的特征。说明事物，不仅要抓住其外部形态特征，更重要的是要抓住事物的本质特征，因为本质特征是区别于其他事物的标志。2. 安排好合理的说明顺序。对于实体事物的建造过程、产品的生产过程、事物的演变过程等往往按时间顺序来说明；对于实体事物的形状、构造应按空间顺序来说明；要介绍事物的性质、种类、功能和阐述事物的含义、原理、特点等应按逻辑顺序来说明。3. 要灵活地采用不同的说明方法，如定义说明、注释说明、举例说明、分类说明、比较说明、引用说明、比喻说明、描述说明、数字说明和图表说明等。4. 要注意语言准确，简洁平实，做到表达清晰、条理清楚、层次分明，具有严格的科学性。5. 写说明文时通常采用一般现在时态，用于强调客观事实。说明文常用现在时，但有时也会用到过去时，将来时等其它时态。Lesson 1 人物介绍写人物介绍一般包括以下几点： 1） 出生年月 2）主要经历 3）事迹成就 4）影响、评价 叙述方法：一般按照时间顺序，从外形到性格，从一般经历到创造性的贡献，最后常有结论性的评语。 佳作欣赏　 姚明简介姚明出生在上海, 身高2.25米. 9岁开始打篮球,18岁进入国家队, 22岁加入NBA打球.爱好:玩电脑游戏对人礼貌友好, 是青少年的偶像, 也是中国的骄傲.Since Yao Ming joined NBA in 2002, the discussion about if he can be a super star has never been terminated. As we know, Yao is a quite high and strong player in NBA. And depending on his height and weight, Yao can control the restricted area easily just like ONeil. Besides his body, his skills are more comprehensive than other centers. By this I mean comparing with other same-position players,　Yao is very successful because he can use more advantages to face different players. In this aspect, Yao has already been a super star. On the other hand, only playing well is not enough to make a man become a god. Why people pay more attention on Kobe, James, and Iverson? Those players are not only playing well, but also mark matches with their own signs. They make their matches differ from others. Although they may have weaknesses, people still like to watch there performance. So, if Yao can put his feature into matches, it will be soon to get a great achievement.All in all, in my view point, Yao has a good future considering his ability and faith.Task 1： Write a short passage about a person you are familiar. Lesson 2 地点介绍对于地点的介绍，常采用地点的空间方位作为介绍的顺序。它能把复杂的地理位置，通过分层说明，详尽而有条理地解说清楚明白，给读者一个具体的位置，清晰的印象。 根据说明地点的结构特点、介绍顺序一般有定位观察顺序和移位观察顺序。 1） 定位观察顺序 先确定一个固定的观察点，然后或上或下，或左或右，或远或近，按合理的顺序，从不同的方位、角度介绍说明的地点。 2） 移位观察顺序 一般按作者的浏览顺序，依次设立一个个观察点，逐步逐层对介绍的地点进行介绍。3) 按照人文景观，历史等进行介