利用市售清潔劑清洗受柴油污染之土壤.docVIP

利用市售清潔劑清洗受柴油污染之土壤 Using commercial detergents on the remediation of diesel contaminated soils 研究生：陳慧敏 Chen, Hui-Min 指導教授：薩支高 Sah, Jy-Gau 【摘要】 受石油碳氫化合物污染之土壤及地下水會造成環境及人體健康之風險。石油碳氫化合物會進入土層主要為工業場所意外事件異常排放(溢出、滲入及地下貯油槽洩漏)所造成，油品具有低溶解度及高表面張力之特性，導致受油品污染之土壤及地下水整治復育工作之困難度提高。本研究以兩種純化學界面活性劑及四種市售清潔劑清洗受不同柴油濃度污染之土壤，並評估清洗劑移除土壤中石油碳氫化合物之效果。本研究主要目的為以不同界面活性劑濃度、不同油品濃度之污染土壤、清洗次數、不同清洗溫度、不同污染時間之土壤及調整供試土壤有機質等參數，探討不同參數對土壤中柴油污染物除率之影響。研究結果顯示：相同界面活性劑濃度下，非離子型Tween80移除TPH-D之率較陰離子型LAS為高，以不同濃度之陰離子型界面活性劑LAS及非離子型界面活性劑Tween80分別清洗1wt%、5wt%及10wt%柴油污染土壤，TPH-D之移除效率會隨著界面活性劑濃度增加而提升，僅1wt%污染土壤以高濃度(2%和4%)之Tween80清洗無此趨勢。而單一清潔劑及混合清潔劑清洗柴油污染土壤試驗中發現：混合清潔劑清洗效果較單一清潔劑為高，混合清潔劑對柴油污染土壤而言，最佳除土壤中TPH-D之條件為 4% LAS：Tween80=3：1。不論污染土壤中柴油濃度之高低，市售清潔劑移除TPH-D之效率與清潔劑關鍵字：界面活性劑in soils and aquifers may pose risks to the environment and human health. They entered the subsurface as a result of industrial accidents (spills, leaks, and leaking underground storage tanks). Remediation from contaminated soils and aquifers is difficult because the characters of low solubility and high surface tension. In this research two kinds of chemical surfactants and four kinds of commercial detergents were used to evaluate the TPH-D removal efficiency in diesel contaminated soils by soil washing.The objective of this study is to investigate the removal effects of TPH-D in soil by surfactant flushing under different parameters, such as surfactant concentrations, TPH-D concentrations, washing times, temperature, contaminated times and soil organic matters. The results showed that TPH-D removal efficiency in soil washing by non-ionic surfactants(Tween80) is better than ionic surfactants(LAS) under the same surfactant concentrations conditions, in addition to 1wt% diesel contaminated soil washed with the high concentrations(2% and 4%) of Tween80. We also found that the mixed detergents showed better effect than using single detergent in the experiment, and the removing rate of TPH-D in soils is the best with the ratio of 4% LAS:Tween80=3:1. The TPH-