橡子中单宁脱除和纯化工艺研究.pdf

摘 要 为了实现橡子资源的产业化开发和综合利用，本文对橡子单宁的超声波脱除工艺 和大孔树脂纯化工艺进行了研究。在脱除工艺中，通过相同因素设置的单因素实验比 较了超声波辅助水和乙醇两种方法在各自较优条件下的单宁脱除效果，选择脱除率较 高的方法，设计正交实验，对脱除工艺做了进一步优化。在纯化工艺中,通过对影响 纯化效果的各因素的考察，确定了最佳纯化条件，并对最佳纯化工艺进行了验证试验。 实验得出的结论如下: （1）用超声波辅助水和乙醇两种方法脱除橡子中单宁，在相同因素设置的单因素 实验确定的各自较优脱除条件下，单宁脱除量分别为56.71 mg/g 和65.96 mg/g，从 脱除效果看，超声波辅助乙醇法明显优于超声波辅助水法。 （2）在较优的超声波辅助乙醇法下，通过正交实验优化橡子单宁脱除工艺，分析 实验结果，得出最佳脱除工艺条件为：乙醇浓度 40%、原料粒度 80 目以上，料液比 1:30，超声作用时间60min，超声温度55℃，超声波功率400W。在此最佳工艺条件下， 平均单宁脱除量为69.99mg/g，脱除率为90.54%。 （3）通过对影响NKA-II 型大孔树脂纯化效果的各因素的考察。确定了橡子单宁 的最佳纯化工艺条件为：上样液浓度4.39mg/ml，上样速率1ml/min，上样量60ml， 洗脱剂为60%乙醇，洗脱速率1ml/min，洗脱剂用量135ml。 （4）用 NKA-II 型大孔树脂，在确定的最佳工艺条件下，对橡子单宁进行纯化， 纯化后单宁的转移率为91.21%，单宁干粉纯度为74.08%。 关键词：橡子；单宁；超声波；脱除；大孔树脂；纯化 Study on Removal and Purification Process of Tannin in Acorn Abstract In order to realize the industrialization development and comprehensive utilization of acorn resource, the study was conducted on both removal process of tannin in acorn with ultrasonic and purification process of tannin in acorn with macroporous resins in this paper. In the removal process, two methods was compared in aspect of the removal effect of tannin under respective excellent condition of ultrasonic assisted water and ethanol firstly using the single factor experiments of the same factors settings. Meanwhile, the method of higher removal rate was chosen, and the orthogonal tests were designed to further optimize the removal process. In the purification process, firstly, through the investigation of various factors affecting the purified effect, the optimum purified conditions were determined. In addition, the validation test of best purification process was conducted. The obtained conclusions were as follows: (1) Ultrasonic assisted water and ethanol this two methods was used to remove tannin