螺纹球形轴的数控编程与加工工艺设计.doc

摘要 螺纹球形轴是组成机器的重要零件之一，其主要功能是支持作回转运动的传动零件(如齿轮、蜗轮等)，并传递运动和动力。CAD／CAM、FMS、CIMS等，都是建立在数控技术之上。数控技术水平的高低已成为衡量一个国家制造业现代化程度的核心标志，实现加工机床及生产过程数控化，已经成为当今制造业的发展方向。 数控系统是数控机床的控制部分，数控系统包括CNC装置、主轴及进给伺服驱动装置，以及主轴电动机、进给电动机和与其相关的检测反馈元件。一个数控系统性能的好坏是与上述各个环节的性能密切相关的。为了达到一定的精度要求，本次设计对进给伺服系统采用了开环控制。用直流伺服电机做执行部件。通过PWM调速系统来控制电机；利用LM629驱动PWM；采用编码盘作为主轴的速度检测元件来构成精度较高的半闭环控制。 在科技迅猛发展的今天，随着自动信息处理、数据处理以及电子计算机的出现，给自动化技术带来了新的概念，用数字化信号对机床运动及其加工过程进行控制，推动了机床自动化的发展。因此，数控机床能够解决普通机床难于胜任的问题。 关键词：轴，数控机床 ，数控系统，伺服单元，半闭环控制，主轴 Abstract It was representative electromechanical integration product，its extend and handle，initiate know clearly manufacturing epoch，transfer know clearly manufacturing churn , industrial structure, supervisor mode，dispose world manufacturing structure occur know clearly greatness change to out into that numerically-controlled machine multitude computer technology, electronics, auto　control, transducer measure, machine manufacturing, internet work communication technology to oneness. The kernel attribute，realize process tool and/or churn numerical control melt，have BECAME today manufacturing trend for out of the modern CAD/CAM , firms , cams wait，big city yes rest up on numerical control transducer p .p .m. Numerical control technique level height afterwards BECAME scale one state manufacturing up to date. It was numerically-controlled machine dam，numerical control system include CNC fit , principal axes and/or input servo-actuator，and spindle drive motor, feed motor AND than correlative detection feedback element as well up back that numerical control system. The velocity detecting element came form precision upper semi-closure loop Control of the it was inscribe state each link performance closely related to each other that one numerical control system behavioral stand or fall. in order to run up to definite accuracy requirement，these degree design versus input servo adopt know clearly open-loop control do execution unit about input servo adopt know clearly open-loop control. Servo? moto